Pengetahuan Apoteker tentang Obat-Obat Look-alike Sound-alike dan Pengelolaannya di Apotek Kota Yogyakarta

Abstract

Perkembangan produksi obat yang cukup pesat menyebabkan terdapat beberapa obat yang memiliki bentuk dan nama yang hampir sama, hal ini dapat menyebabkan munculnya medication error berupa kesalahan dalam pemberian obat kepada pasien. Obat yang hampir sama bentuk dan namanya ini dikenal dengan obat-obat look-alike sound-alike (LASA). Penelitian observasional ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pengetahuan apoteker yang bekerja di apotek Kota Yogyakarta terhadap obat-obat LASA dan apakah apotek tersebut telah melaksanakan penataan obat berdasarkan kaidah obat LASA. Hasil penelitian kemudian diuji menggunakan Chi-Square untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan dan pengelolaan obat LASA serta pengelolaan dan kesalahan pengambilan obat LASA. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan September–November 2018. Total sampling adalah apotek di kota Yogyakarta yang bersedia menjadi tempat penelitian dan objek penelitian adalah apoteker yang bekerja di masing-masing apotek dan telah menandatangani informed consent. Dari 136 apotek yang berada di kota Yogyakarta, 66 apotek bersedia menjadi objek penelitian dan mengisi kuesioner dengan benar. Pengetahuan apoteker yang bekerja di apotek Kota Yogyakarta terhadap obat LASA berkategori baik 56% dan kurang baik 44%; pengelolaan obat LASA berkategori baik 41% dan kurang baik 59%; dan pengalaman dalam kesalahan pengambilan obat LASA berkategori pernah 53% dan tidak pernah 47%. Hasil uji Chi-Square menyatakan tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan dan pengelolaan obat LASA serta antara pengelolaan dan kesalahan dalam pengambilan obat LASA.

Kata kunci: Apotek, apoteker, obat-obat look-alike sound-alike (LASA)

Pharmacist Knowledge of Look-alike Sound-alike Drugs and Their Management at Pharmacies in the City of Yogyakarta

Abstract
Drugs production develop rapidly nowadays and many drugs have embodied similar shapes and names which may lead to medication error and difficulty in emergency medication administration. Drugs with similar shapes/physical appearances/packagings and names that have spelling similarities are known as look-alike sound-alike (LASA) medicines. This observational study aimed to determine the extent of the knowledge of pharmacists on LASA drugs at pharmacies in the city of Yogyakarta, and whether the pharmacies have implemented drugs structuring according to the LASA drug rules. The results were analyzed using Chi-Square test to determine the relationship between knowledge and management of LASA drugs, and between the management and errors in taking LASA drugs. Data retrieval was carried out in September-November 2018 with total sampling were pharmacies in the city of Yogyakarta and objects of research were pharmacists who worked at the sampling pharmacies and had signed the informed consent. Of the 136 pharmacies, only 66 pharmacies were willing to become the samples of research. The results showed that pharmacists’ knowledge on LASA drugs categorized as good was 56% and not good was 44%; LASA drugs management categorized as good was 41% and not good was 59%; pharmacists who had experience in errors in taking LASA drugs was 53% and never had was 47%. In conclusion, there was no significant relationship between knowledge and management of LASA drugs, and between management and errors in taking drugs LASA drugs.

Keywords: Look-alike sound-alike drugs, pharmacist, pharmacy