Efek Kualitas Pelabelan Terhadap Pengetahuan dan Kepatuhan Pasien Hipertensi di Mataram
Abstract
Hipertensi merupakan penyakit kronis yang membutuhkan pengobatan jangka panjang, dengan kepatuhan menjadi suatu permasalahan utama. Label pada obat seringkali digunakan sebagai media informasi tertulis untuk mengoptimalkan penggunaan pengobatan dalam mencapai target terapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efek perbaikan kualitas pelabelan obat terhadap pengetahuan dan kepatuhan pasien hipertensi di Kota Mataram. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain pre-/post-intervensi dengan perbaikan kualitas pelabelan (label dibuat sesuai dengan standar Good Dispensing Practice (GDP)—9 atribut) sebagai intervensinya. Uji statistik dilakukan untuk melihat perbedaan pengetahuan, kepatuhan, dan tekanan darah pre-/post-intervensi. Terdapat 132 pasien dari 11 Puskesmas di Kota Mataram yang menyelesaikan seluruh tahapan penelitian pada periode waktu Agustus sampai Oktober 2017. Baseline skor pelabelan adalah 3,6; dan setelah dilakukan perbaikan pada label maka didapatkan skor maksimum yaitu 9. Terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan pasien setelah dilakukan intervensi perbaikan pelabelan (median skor dari 2,0 menjadi 5,0; p=0,001). Demikian juga, terdapat peningkatan kepatuhan setelah intervensi pelabelan (median skor dari 1,0 menjadi 2,0; p=0,001). Perubahan yang signifikan terhadap tekanan darah sistolik/diastolik pada pre-/post-intervensi juga dilaporkan (p=0,001/0,026). Hasil penelitian ini memberikan data awal yang menunjukkan bahwa intervensi berupa perbaikan kualitas pelabelan potensial meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kepatuhan pasien hipertensi di Mataram.
Kata kunci: Hipertensi, kepatuhan, kualitas pelabelan, pengetahuan, tekanan darah
Effects of Labelling Quality on Hypertensive Patients’ Knowledge and Adherence in Mataram
Abstract
Hypertension is a chronic condition that requires long-term treatment, hence, adherence has been a major issue. The dispensed medication label has been commonly used to provide written information to optimize drug use in achieving treatment goals. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of improved labeling quality on knowledge and adherence of hypertensive patients in Mataram. This is a pre-/post-intervention study with improved labeling quality (according to Good Dispensing Practice (GDP) standard–9 attributes) as the intervention. The differences in knowledge, adherence, and blood pressure pre-/post-intervention were statistically tested. A total of 132 patients from 11 Public Health Center in Mataram participated in this study from August to October 2017. The results showed a baseline labeling score of 3.6, and after the intervention (improved labeling), a maximum score of 9 was achieved. Knowledge was significantly increased through improved labeling (median score from 2.0 to 5.0; p=0.001). In addition, the intervention enhanced adherence (median score from 1.0 to 2.0; p=0.001). Significant changes were reported in systolic and diastolic blood pressure pre-/post-intervention (p=0.001 and 0.026, respectively). Therefore, preliminary data were provided on the potential of high-quality labeling to improve knowledge and adherence among hypertensive patients in Mataram.
Keywords: Adherence, blood pressure, hypertension, knowledge, labelling quality
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15416/ijcp.2022.11.1.11
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