Karakteristik Pasien dan Penggunaan Obat Hipertensi di Beberapa Sarana Kesehatan
Abstract
Hipertensi merupakan masalah kesehatan global yang serius, dengan prevalensi tinggi di negara berpenghasilan rendah dan menengah. Penting untuk memahami karakteristik demografis pasien serta penggunaan obat antihipertensi yang tepat alam upaya untuk mengelola hipertensi secara efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik pasien hipertensi dan penggunaan obat di Indonesia berdasarkan tinjauan literatur yang ada. Literatur yang dianalisis dipilih melalui pencarian sistematis menggunakan database Google Scholar dengan kata kunci “drug-related problems (DRPs)” dan “hipertensi”, menggunakan operator Boolean “AND” untuk mempersempit hasil pencarian. Artikel yang ditinjau memenuhi kriteria inklusi, yaitu penelitian observasional dan artikel asli yang diterbitkan dalam rentang tahun 2014–2024. Dari 23 artikel yang ditemukan, sebanyak 16 artikel dipilih untuk dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan simplified approach guna mengidentifikasi tren penggunaan obat antihipertensi dan permasalahan terkait terapi. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa amlodipin adalah obat antihipertensi yang paling banyak diresepkan, dengan prevalensi tinggi di berbagai lokasi. Mayoritas pasien hipertensi adalah perempuan, terutama di atas usia 60 tahun, yang menunjukkan perlunya perhatian khusus terhadap kelompok ini. Penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi adanya potensi masalah terkait obat DRPs yang dapat memengaruhi kepatuhan pasien terhadap terapi. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun amlodipin efektif sebagai terapi utama, perhatian terhadap karakteristik pasien dan masalah terkait obat sangat penting untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan dan mencegah komplikasi jangka panjang. Rekomendasi berbasis bukti diperlukan untuk strategi pengelolaan hipertensi yang lebih efektif di masa depan.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15416/ijcp.2025.v14i3.59824
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