Mulberry Leaves (Morus alba) for Diabetes Mellitus: Acute Toxicity Test in Male Wistar Rats

Rena Nurita; Anisa Vitriana; Isni Maulina Sukmara; Nurul Utami; Maryam Maryam; Fathul Huda; Vycke Yunivita

doi:10.24198/ijpst.v1i1.16117

Mulberry Leaves (Morus alba) for Diabetes Mellitus: Acute Toxicity Test in Male Wistar Rats

Rena Nurita, Anisa Vitriana, Isni Maulina Sukmara, Nurul Utami, Maryam Maryam, Fathul Huda, Vycke Yunivita

Abstrak

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease which becoming health community problem in the world. DM patients can be treated by antidiabetic drugs throughout their lifetime. Therefore, to alleviate the concern for the side e ect, it is important to have an alternative therapy which has same e ect but less side e ect. One of alternative therapies which has been known for a long time ago is Mulberry leaves (Morus alba). For something to be clinically used as an alternative therapy, e ective and lethal dose should be known. Here we tried to discover the lethal dose (LD50) and the liver morphological changes, using the e ective dose that had been known from previous study. In our experiment, we used Morus alba leaves infusion and 25 male Wistar rats. These rats were divided into 1 control group and 4 groups treatment dosage, 0.3, 3, 30, and 300 grams/kg bodyweight. We observed the mortality in 7 days and examined the liver morphological changes. From this study, we conclude that 300 grams/ kg bodyweight or 48 grams/kg bodyweigtht in human was pseudolethal dose in male Wistar rats. We did not found any signi cant liver morphological changes. Therefore, we can categorize Morus alba as a harmless alternative therapy.

Key words: Alternative therapy, diabetes mellitus, liver morphological changes, lethal dose, Morus alba.

Teks Lengkap:

PDF (English)

Referensi

World Health Organization. Global Re- port on Diabetes. ISBN. 2016;978:88.

Kemenkes RI. Situasi dan Analisis Dia- betes. Pusat Data dan Informasi Kemen- terian Kesehatan RI. 2014.

Depkes RI. Tahun 2030 Prevalensi Dia- betes Melitus Di Indonesia Mencapai 21,3 Juta Orang. Kementrian Kesehat Republik Indones. 2012;8–9.

World Health Organisation. WHO Dia- betes Country Pro les. 2016. Available

online at: http://www.who.int/diabetes/

global-report/en/

Brunton LL, Parker KL, Blumenthal D

k., Buxton ILO. Goodman & Gilman as bases farmacológicas da terapêutica. Goodman & Gilman’s The Pharmaco- logical Basis of Therapeutics. 2010

Dipiro, T.J., Guggenbichler S, Wollmann J. A Pharmacotherapy Pathophysiologi- cal approach . Vasa. 2008

Mudra M, Ercan-Fang N, Zhong L, Furne J, Levitt M. In uence of mul- berry leaf extract on the blood glucose and breath hydrogen response to inges- tion of 75 g sucrose by type 2 diabetic and control subjects. Diabetes Care. 2007;30(5):1272–4.

Sri Sunarsih E, Djatmika, Nilawati S. Pengaruh Infusa Daun Murbei (Morus alba L.) terhadap Penurunana Kadar Glukosa Darah Tikus Putih Jantan Dia- betes karena Pemberian Aloksan. Dipe- nogoro; 2011.

Mohammadi J, Naik PR. Evaluation of hypoglycemic e ect of Morus alba in an animal model. Indian J Pharmacol. 2008;40(1):15–9.

Arayne MS, Sultana N, Mirza AZ, Zu- beri MH, Siddiqui FA. In vitro hypo- glycemic activity of methanolic extract of some indigenous plants. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2007;20(4):268–73.

Wilson RD, Islam MDS. E ects of white mulberry (Morus alba) leaf tea investigated in a type 2 diabetes mod- el of rats. Acta Pol Pharm - Drug Res. 2015;72(1):153–60.

F AJ, Valter S, Tamara M. Mulberry therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus. In: Cochrane Database of Systematic Re- views. 2015.

Galati G, O’Brien PJ. Potential toxicity of avonoids and other dietary pheno- lics: Signi cance for their chemopre- ventive and anticancer properties. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 2004;37: 287–303.

Walum E. Acute oral toxicity. En- viron Health Perspect. 1998;106 Suppl(April):497–503.

Ngatidjan. Metode Laboratorium dalam Toksikologi. Yogyakarta: Bagian Farma- kologi & Toksikologi FK UGM; 2006.

Nair A, Jacob S. A simple practice guide for dose conversion between animals and human. J Basic Clin Pharm. 2016;7(2):27.

Amelia R, Bestari B, Faculty CB, Pad- jadjaran U. Hepatoprotective E ect of Trigona spp . Bee Propolis against Car- bon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Injury

in Rats. Althea Med J. 2016;3(Septem-

ber):482–6.

Oliveira AM De, Mesquita S, Caval-

cante G, Lima EDO, Medeiros PL De, Maria P, et al. Evaluation of Toxicity and Antimicrobial Activity of an Etha- nolic Extract from Leaves of Morus alba. (Moraceae). Evid-Based Compl Alt Med. 2015;2015:7.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/ijpst.v1i1.16117