Pengaruh permen karet xylitol terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans pada pengguna alat ortodontik cekat  Effect of xylitol gum on Streptococcus mutans of fixed orthodontic appliance users

Oey Jaya Angel Monica; Susiana Susiana; Widura Widura

doi:10.24198/jkg.v30i1.18182

Pengaruh permen karet xylitol terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans pada pengguna alat ortodontik cekat
Effect of xylitol gum on Streptococcus mutans of fixed orthodontic appliance users

Oey Jaya Angel Monica, Susiana Susiana, Widura Widura

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Streptococcus mutans merupakan bakteri utama penyebab terjadinya karies gigi, terutama pada pengguna alat ortodontik dimana terdapat komponen yang melekat pada permukaan gigi seperti bracket, archwire dan elastics yang menimbulkan daerah retensi baru bagi bakteri sehingga akumulasinya semakin meningkat. Salah satu alternatif pencegahan karies gigi adalah dengan menggunakan agen antibakterial. Xylitol adalah gula alkohol yang merupakan salah satu antibakterial yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans melalui pengeluaran metabolit toksik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh permen karet yang mengandung xylitol terhadap pengurangan jumlah bakteri Streptococcus mutans pada pengguna alat ortodontik cekat. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimental semu yang dilakukan pada 14 orang mahasiswa pre-klinik Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Kristen Maranatha yang menggunakan alat ortodontik cekat. Subjek penelitian dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok yang mengonsumsi permen karet xylitol dan kelompok yang mengonsumsi permen karet nonxylitol. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji beda sampel bebas. Hasil: Hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan uji parametrik pada dua sampel bebas. Kedua kelompok penelitian mengalami penurunan jumlah bakteri Streptococcus mutans, namun penurunan jumlah bakteri Streptococcus mutans pada kelompok permen karet xylitol lebih tinggi yaitu 414.038 CFU/mL (47,12%) sedangkan kelompok permen karet non-xylitol lebih rendah yaitu 65.816 CFU/mL (8,21%). Nilai p value yang diperoleh sebesar 0,000 (p < 0,05). Simpulan: Konsumsi permen karet yang mengandung xylitol dapat mengurangi kolonisasi bakteri Streptococcus mutans pada pengguna alat ortodontik cekat.

Kata kunci: Karies gigi, Streptococcus mutans, ortodontik cekat, xylitol.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Streptococcus mutans is the main bacteria of dental caries, especially in fixed orthodontics appliance users, where the orthodontic components like bracket, archwire, and elastics, attached to the tooth surface that generate new retention area thus increases bacterial accumulation. One of the alternative to prevent dental caries is by using antibacterial agents. Xylitol is a sugar alcohol with an antibacterial effect that can inhibit the development of Streptococcus mutans through toxic production metabolism. This study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of xylitol chewing gum on reducing the amount of Streptococcus mutans of fixed orthodontic appliance users. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted towards as much as 14 pre-clinic dental students of Maranatha Christian University with a fixed orthodontic appliance. The subjects were divided into two groups, one group of xylitol chewing gum and another group of non-xylitol chewing gum. The results obtained were then analysed with the parametric test on two independent samples. Results: The amount of Streptococcus mutans were decreasing on both groups, but the decrease of Streptococcus mutans was significantly higher on the xylitol chewing gum group (414.038 CFU/mL; 47,12%) than the non-xylitol group (65.816 CFU/mL; 8.21%). The probability value was 0.000 (p < 0.05). The results obtained were then analysed by parametric test on two independent samples. Conclusion: Consumption of xylitol chewing gum was able to reduce the colonisation of Streptococcus mutans in fixed orthodontics users.

Keywords: Dental caries, Streptococcus mutans, xylitol, fixed orthodontic.

Keywords

Karies gigi, Streptococcus mutans, ortodontik cekat, xylitol, dental caries, Streptococcus mutans, xylitol, fixed orthodontic.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jkg.v30i1.18182