Karakteristik fraktur palatum yang disertai fraktur dentoalveolar pada pasien trauma maksilofasial     Characteristics of palate fracture accompanied with dentoalveolar fracture in patients with maxillofacial trauma

Cahyono Yudianto; Endang Sjamsudin; Eka Marwansyah Oli’i

doi:10.24198/jkg.v34i3.42838

Karakteristik fraktur palatum yang disertai fraktur dentoalveolar pada pasien trauma maksilofasial
Characteristics of palate fracture accompanied with dentoalveolar fracture in patients with maxillofacial trauma

Cahyono Yudianto, Endang Sjamsudin, Eka Marwansyah Oli’i

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Fraktur palatum pada trauma maksilofasial jarang terjadi dan seringkali disertai fraktur dentoalveolar. Fraktur palatum yang disertai fraktur dentoalveolar seringkali menimbulkan kesulitan dalam perawatan dan dapat menimbulkan deformitas lengkung rahang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik fraktur palatum disertai fraktur dentoalveolar pada pasien trauma maksilofasial di Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Metode: Jenis penelitian observasional deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional dari rekam medis sejak Januari 2019 sampai Desember 2020. Penelitian dilakukan di Klinik Bedah Mulut dan Maksilofasial di RS Hasan Sadikin Bandung tahun 2021. Variabel yang dikumpulkan meliputi usia, jenis kelamin, lokasi fraktur, klasifikasi fraktur palatum dan klasifikasi fraktur dentoalveolar. Data disajikan dalam bentuk distribusi frekuensi menggunakan distribusi frekuensi numerik dengan perhitungan menggunakan software SPSS V 26. Hasil: Sampel penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yaitu sebanyak 12 pasien yang meliputi fraktur palatum disertai fraktur dentoalveolar. Usia terbanyak remaja akhir 17-25 tahun berjumlah 8 sampel. Jenis kelamin paling banyak terjadi pada laki laki 10 sampel. Lokasi fraktur palatum terbanyak pada sisi kiri tipe II dan tipe III sebanyak 50%. Klasifikasi fraktur dentoalveolar yang terbanyak adalah tipe V = 7 sampel. Lokasi fraktur dentoalveolar di anterior pada semua sampel sebanyak 12 sampel. Klasifikasi fraktur palatum yang terbanyak adalah tipe II = 5 sampel. Jenis perawatan terbanyak adalah closed reduction = 11 sampel. Etiologi fraktur palatum disertai fraktur dentoalveolar semuanya dikarenakan kecelakaan bermotor. Simpulan: Karakteristik fraktur palatum yang disertai fraktur dentoalveolar pada pasien trauma maksilofasial di Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin Bandung yang terbanyak usia remaja akhir, dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki, fraktur palatumnya tipe II dan III disertai fraktur dentoalveolar tipe V.

Kata kunci: fraktur palatum; dentoalveolar; close reduction; interdental wiring

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Fracture of the palate in maxillofacial trauma is rare and often accompanied by dentoalveolar fractures. It is difficult to treat and can lead to arch deformity. This study aimed to identify characteristics of palatal fractures with dentoalveolar fractures in maxillofacial trauma patients at Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung. Methods: This research is descriptive observational with a cross-sectional approach, medical records from January 2019 to December 2020. The study conducted at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, 2021. The variables collected included age, gender, fracture location, classification of palatal fractures, classification of dentoalveolar fractures. The data is presented in the form of a frequency distribution using a numerical frequency distribution with calculations using SPSS V 26 software. Results: 12 patients met the study sample criteria, including palatal fractures accompanied by dentoalveolar fractures. Most of the late adolescents aged 17-25 amounted to 8 samples. The most common sex is male with 10 samples. Location of most palate fractures on the left side of type II, and type III is as much as 50%. The most common classification of dentoalveolar fractures is type V = 7 samples. The location of the dentoalveolar fracture was anterior in all 12 samples. The most common classification of palatal fractures is type II = 5 samples. The type of treatment is closed reduction = 11 samples. The etiology of palatal fractures accompanied by dentoalveolar fractures is all due to motor accidents. Conclusion: Characteristics of palatal fractures accompanied by dentoalveolar fractures in maxillofacial trauma patients at Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung, mostly in late teens, with male sex, type II and III palatal fractures accompanied by type V dentoalveolar fractures.

Keywords: palatal fracture; dentoalveolar; close reduction; interdental wiring

Keywords

fraktur palatum; dentoalveolar; close reduction; interdental wiring; palatal fracture; dentoalveolar; close reduction; interdental wiring

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jkg.v34i3.42838