Perbedaan lebar interkaninus rahang bawah pada kelas I, II, dan III dentoalveolar: studi cross sectional
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan: Maloklusi merupakan kondisi abnormal lengkung rahang atas dengan lengkung rahang bawah yang menyebabkan gangguan mastikasi, artikulasi, dan estetika. Klasifikasi Maloklusi Angle digunakan dalam penentuan maloklusi yang terbagi menjadi tiga kelas. Perawatan ortodonti diperlukan untuk mengembalikan susunan dan fungsi gigi menjadi normal. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perbedaan lebar interkaninus rahang bawah mahasiswa yang berusia 18-22 tahun dengan maloklusi Angle Kelas I, II, dan III. Metode: Jenis penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penentuan besaran sampel menggunakan rumus Slovin dengan tingkat kepercayaan sebesar 10% dan didapatkan sampel sebanyak 65 model studi dengan rentang usia 18-22 tahun. Kalibrasi dilakukan sebanyak dua kali dalam menentukan kelompok maloklusi Angle berupa evaluasi penarikan garis axial pada gigi molar dan pengamatan terhadap hasil pengukuran. Pengukuran model studi dimulai dengan mengelompokkan maloklusi Angle dengan menarik garis vertikal dari mesiobuccal cusp molar pertama rahang atas ke buccal groove molar pertama rahang bawah. Jarak interkaninus rahang bawah diukur dari cups tip gigi kaninus kanan dan kiri pada model studi dengan menggunakan jangka sorong. Hasil data kemudian diuji normalitas dan homogenitas varians, kemudian dianalisis dengan uji ANOVA. Hasil: Hasil analisis perbedaan jarak interkaninus rahang bawah antara Kelas I, Kelas II, dan Kelas III didapatkan hasil tidak signifikan p=0,64. Simpulan: Lebar interkaninus rahang bawah pada model studi mahasiswa yang berusia 18-22 tahun dengan Maloklusi Angle Kelas I, Kelas II, dan Kelas III adalah tidak terdapat perbedaan.
Kata kunci: klasifikasi Angle, maloklusi, jarak interkaninus rahang bawah
Differences in the width of lower intercanine in class I, II, and III dentoalveolar: cross sectional study
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Malocclusion is an abnormal condition of the upper jaw arch with the lower jaw arch which causes problems with mastication, articulation and aesthetics. Angle's Malocclusion Classification is used in determining malocclusion which is divided into three classes. Orthodontic treatment is needed to restore normal tooth structure and function. This study aims to compare differences in mandibular intercanine width in students aged 18-22 years with Angle Class I, II, and III malocclusion. Method: This type of research is descriptive analytic with a cross sectional approach. Determining the sample size used the Slovin formula with a confidence level of 10% and obtained a sample of 65 study models with an age range of 18-22 years. Calibration was carried out twice to determine the Angle malocclusion group in the form of evaluating the axial line drawing on the molar teeth and observing the measurement results. The study model measurements began by classifying Angle malocclusion by drawing a vertical line from the mesiobuccal cusp of the maxillary first molar to the buccal groove of the mandibular first molar. The mandibular intercanine distance was measured from the cup tips of the right and left canines in the study model using a caliper. The data results were then tested for normality and homogeneity of variance, then analyzed using the ANOVA test. Results: The results of the analysis of differences in lower jaw intercanine distance between Class I, Class II and Class III showed that the results were not significant, p=0.64. Conclusion: The intercanine width of the lower jaw in students aged 18-22 years with Class I, Class II, and Class III Angle Malocclusions was no different.
Keywords: Angle’s classification, malocclusion, lower intercanine distance
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jkg.v35i3.48116
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