Ekstrak daun biduri (Calotropis gigantea) sebagai anti inflamasi dalam menurunkan jumlah neutrofil pada model tikus inflamasi: studi eksperimental
Abstract
Calotropis gigantea leaf extract as an anti-inflammatory agent in reducing neutrophil count in an inflammatory rat model: an experimental study
Introduction: Inflammation is an immune response to harmful stimuli that serves to eliminate tissue damage and initiate healing. The inflammatory process begins with the release of neutrophils, which regulate and amplify the inflammatory response. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as aspirin, are commonly used to treat inflammation but may cause side effects. Biduri leaf (Calotropis gigantea)extract which is rich in flavonoids, tannins, and saponins, possesses anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties with fewer side effects, making it a potential natural alternative medicine. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of biduri leaf extract (Calotropis gigantea) in reducing the number of neutrophils during acute and subacute inflammation in an experimental rat model. Methods: This study is an in vivo experimental study using a serial group design. Biduri leaves were extracted using the maceration method with 70% ethanol as the solvent. The biduri leaf extract was administered at doses of 100 mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW, and 300 mg/kg BW. Wistar rats were injected subcutaneously with 2% carrageenan on the dorsal region to induce inflammation. Blood samples were collected at predetermined intervals to prepare blood smears, followed by neutrophil counting. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by the LSD post-hoc test. Results: Calotropis gigantea leaf extract at doses of 100 mg/Kg BW, 200 mg/Kg BW, and 300 mg/Kg BW significantly reduced neutrophil counts, particularly on day 3, with the 300 mg/Kg BW dose showing the most pronounced effect (p=0.001). Conclusion: Administration of biduri leaf (Calotropis gigantea) extract at a dose of 300 mg/Kg BW demonstrated the highest effectiveness in reducing neutrophil count during acute and subacute inflammation in an inflammation rat model.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jkg.v37i2.61210
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