Regional Governance on Covid-19 Vaccination in The Southeast Asia

Deasy Silvya Sari, Mas Halimah, Akim Akim, Ali Zahid

Abstrak


One of the efforts to prevent the spread of Covid-19 is the Covid-19 vaccine. Everyone in the world has the right to access a Covid-19 vaccine, so governance is needed to guarantee that vaccine distribution is fair and equal. This article aims to discuss the regional governance of the COVID-19 vaccination program in Southeast Asia. Furthermore, the concept of regional governance and systematic literature study methods was used. The results showed that states in southeast asia have done bilateral cooperation with vaccine-producing eventough companies or states. On the scheme of regional governance, ASEAN becomes a fasilitator of vaccine distribution in order to guarantee that ASEAN members get the vaccine.


Kata Kunci


Southeast Asia; Covid 19; Regional Governance; Vaccination

Teks Lengkap:

PDF

Referensi


ASEAN Briefing. (2021). COVID-19 Vaccine Roll Outs in ASEAN & Asia – Live Updates by Country. Retrieved on May 20 from ASEAN Briefing: https://www.aseanbriefing.com/news/covid-19-vaccine-roll-outs-in-asean-asia-live-updates-by-country/

Asia Times. (2021). BioNTech to build SE Asia manufacturing site. Retrieved on May 10 from Asia Times: https://asiatimes.com/2021/05/biontech-to-build-se-asia-manufacturing-site/

Basolo, V. (2003). U.S. regionalism and rationality. Urban Studies, 447-462.

Begawan, B. S. (2021). Brunei extends its vaccination centre operating hours; aims to vaccinate at least 70% of population. Retrieved on August 6 from The Star Web site: https://www.thestar.com.my/aseanplus/aseanplus-news/2021/08/06/brunei-extemds-its-vaccination-centre-operating-hours-aims-to-vaccinate-at-least-70-of-population

Bestari, N. P. (2021). Thailand Akhirnya Gunakan Vaksin AstraZeneca. Retrieved on March 16 from CNBC Indonesia: https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/tech/20210316194918-37-230649/resmi-thailand-akhirnya-gunakan-vaksin-astrazeneca

Bio Farma. (2021). Bio Farma Sudah Menerima 15 Juta Dosis CoronaVac dari Total 25 juta Dosis di Bulan Agustus. Retrieved on August 20 from Bio Farma: https://www.biofarma.co.id/id/berita-terbaru/detail/bio-farma-sudah-menerima-15-juta-dosis-coronavac-dari-total-25-juta-dosis-di-bulan-agustus

Cardenas, N. C. (2021). Strengthening ASEAN centrality on COVID-19 relief: a joint multilateral strategic policy. Journal of Public Health, 1.

Chinh, T. (2021). Vietnam promotes a COVID-19 vaccine strategy. Retrieved on July 1 from Vnanet: https://vietnam.vnanet.vn/english/vietnam-promotes-a-covid-19-vaccine-strategy/490329.html

Cindyara, A. (2021). PM Kamboja terima suntikan vaksin COVID-19 buatan AstraZeneca. Retrieved on March 4 from Antara News: https://www.antaranews.com/berita/2026518/pm-kamboja-terima-suntikan-vaksin-covid-19-buatan-astrazeneca

CNBC Indonesia. (2021). China "Sahabat" Junta, Kirim 500.000 Vaksin Corona ke Myanmar. Retrieved on May 4 from CNBC Indonesia: https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20210504135920-4-243061/china-sahabat-junta-kirim-500000-vaksin-corona-ke-myanmar

CNN Indonesia. (2020). Singapura Akan Jadi Pusat Distribusi Vaksin Covid-19 di ASEAN. Retrieved on December 15 from CNN Indonesia: https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20201215135839-106-582393/singapura-akan-jadi-pusat-distribusi-vaksin-covid-19-di-asean

CNN Indonesia. (2021). Malaysia Setujui Vaksin Covid Sinovac dan AstraZeneca. Retrieved on March 3 from CNN Indonesia: https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20210302204756-106-612913/malaysia-setujui-vaksin-covid-sinovac-dan-astrazeneca

CNN Indonesia. (2021). Vaksin Buatan Vietnam Disebut Efektif Lawan Varian Corona. Retrieved on February 10 from CNN Indonesia: https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20210210164945-106-604822/vaksin-buatan-vietnam-disebut-efektif-lawan-varian-corona

CSIS. (2021). Southeast Asia Covid-19 Tracker. Retrieved from CSIS Web site: https://www.csis.org/programs/southeast-asia-program/projects/southeast-asia-covid-19-tracker

Delegation of the European Union to ASEAN. (2021). COVAX Facility: COVID-19 Vaccines for ASEAN. Retrieved on September 2 from EEAS: https://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/association-southeast-asian-nations-asean/92867/covax-facility-covid-19-vaccines-asean_en

Dewi, A. (2021). Penanggulangan Pandemi Covid-19 Melalui Program Pengadaan Vaksin Dan Pelaksanaan Vaksinasi Covid-19. Retrieved on May 22 from Kementrian Keuangan: Direktorat Jenderal Anggaran Web site: https://anggaran.kemenkeu.go.id/in/post/penanggulangan-pandemi-covid-19-melalui-program-pengadaan-vaksin-dan-pelaksanaan-vaksinasi-covid-19

Djalante, R., Nurhidayah, L., Minh, H. V., Mahendradhata, Y., Ngoc Phuong, N. T., Trias, A., Miller, M. A. (2020). COVID-19 and ASEAN responses: Comparative policy analysis. Elsevier, 1-12.

Ericssen. (2021). Singapura Siap Pakai Semua Vaksin Covid-19 Termasuk Sinovac jika Aman dan Efektif. Retrieved on March 14 from Kompas: https://www.kompas.com/global/read/2021/03/14/120710070/singapura-siap-pakai-semua-vaksin-covid-19-termasuk-sinovac-jika-aman-dan

Feiock, R. C. (2007). Rational Choice And Regionalgovernance. Journal Of Urban Affairs, 47-63.

Foster, K. A., & Barnes, W. R. (2012). Reframing Regional Governance for Research and Practice. Urban Affairs Review, 48(2), 272–283. doi:10.1177/1078087411428121

Government of Timor Leste. (2021). Timor-Leste received today 52,850 more vaccines from Australia. Retrieved on July 14 from Government of Timor Leste: http://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=28860〈=en〈=en

Hanida, R. P., Irawan, B., & Rozi, F. (2021). Dynamic Governance Capabilities in Regional Budget Policy Formulation to Create Agile Bureaucracy During Covid 19. Jurnal Manajemen Pelayanan Publik, 5(1), 79-97. doi:doi.org/10.24198/jmpp.v5i1.34117

Idrus, P. G. (2021). Filipina terima kembali 500 ribu dosis vaksin Covid-19 Sinovac. Retrieved on May 20 from Anadolu Agency: https://www.aa.com.tr/id/regional/filipina-terima-kembali-500-ribu-dosis-vaksin-covid-19-sinovac/2247928

JKJAV. (2021). National Covid-19 Immunisation Programme. Malaysia: The Secretariat Of The Special Committee For Ensuring Access To Covid-19 Vaccine Supply (JKJAV).

KPCPEN. (202). Buah Diplomasi Vaksin, Indonesia Terima Kedatangan Pertama Vaksin dari COVAX Sebanyak 1,1 juta Dosis. Retrieved on March 8 from Komite Penanganan COVID-19 dan Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional: https://covid19.go.id/p/berita/buah-diplomasi-vaksin-indonesia-terima-kedatangan-pertama-vaksin-dari-covax-sebanyak-11-juta-dosis

mClinica. (2020). Southeast Asia’s role in the quest for a COVID-19 vaccine. Retrieved on August 26 from mClinica Web site: https://www.mclinica.com/southeast-asias-role-in-the-quest-for-a-covid-19-vaccine/

MFMER. (2021). Herd immunity and COVID-19 (coronavirus): What you need to know. Retrieved on August 28 from Mayo Clinic Web site: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/coronavirus/in-depth/herd-immunity-and-coronavirus/art-20486808

NCIRD Division of Viral Diseases. (2021). Understanding How COVID-19 Vaccines Work. Retrieved on May 27 from CDC Web site: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/different-vaccines/how-they-work.html

NDVP. (2021). The Philippine National Deployment and Vaccination Plan for COVID-19 Vaccines. Philippine: NDVP.

Nesadurai, H. E. (2009). ASEAN and regional governance after the Cold War: from regional order to regional community? The Pacific Review, 22(1), 91-118. doi:10.1080/09512740802651169

Nigam, S. (2021). Ensuring Vaccine Equity, Erasing Vaccine Nationalism: Upholding the Human Rights and Justice Framework . SSRN.

Novakovic, D. (2021). First batch of COVID-19 vaccines arrive in Brunei Darussalam via COVAX Facility. Retrieved on April 2 from World Health Organization Web site: https://www.who.int/malaysia/news/detail/02-04-2021-first-batch-of-covid-19-vaccines-arrive-in-brunei-darussalam-via-covax-facility

OCHA. (2021). Arrival and handing over of AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines from the Government of the United Kingdom to the Royal Thai Government. Retrieved on August 5 from Reliefweb: https://reliefweb.int/report/thailand/arrival-and-handing-over-astrazeneca-covid-19-vaccines-government-united-kingdom

Peter, Z. (2021). Thailand Considers Cap on Vaccine Exports as COVID Cases Surge. Retrieved on July 27 from VOA News: https://www.voanews.com/covid-19-pandemic/thailand-considers-cap-vaccine-exports-covid-cases-surge

Pramudyani, Y. D. (2021). Filipina mulai program vaksinasi COVID-19. Retrieved from on March 1 Antara News: https://www.antaranews.com/berita/2021547/filipina-mulai-program-vaksinasi-covid-19

Reliefweb. (2021). Australia partners with Vietnam on vaccine rollout. Retrieved on August 27 from reliefweb: https://reliefweb.int/report/viet-nam/australia-partners-vietnam-vaccine-rollout

Reuters. (2021). Myanmar luncurkan program vaksinasi COVID-19. Retrieved on January 27 from Antara News: https://www.antaranews.com/berita/1970700/myanmar-luncurkan-program-vaksinasi-covid-19

Reuters Covid-19 Tracker. (2021). Brunei. Retrieved on September 17 from Reuters Web site: https://graphics.reuters.com/world-coronavirus-tracker-and-maps/countries-and-territories/brunei/

Sekarwati, S. (2021). Kamboja Tawarkan Suntikan Penguat Vaksin Virus Corona. Retrieved on August 1 from Tempo Web site: https://dunia.tempo.co/read/1489726/kamboja-tawarkan-suntikan-penguat-vaksin-virus-corona/full&view=ok

Setiawan, A. (2020). Politik Luar Negeri Indonesia Era COVID-19: Penyelamatan dan Kerjasama. INDEPENDEN: Jurnal Politik Indonesia dan Global, 65-74.

Strangio, S. (2021). Southeast Asia COVID-19 Vaccine Coverage a Long Way Off: Report. Retrieved on January 28 from The Diplomat Web site: https://thediplomat.com/2021/01/southeast-asia-covid-19-vaccine-coverage-a-long-way-off-report/

Tani, M. (2020). Singapore races to become Southeast Asia's vaccine distribution hub. Retrieved on December 9 from Nikkei Web site: https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Coronavirus/Singapore-races-to-become-Southeast-Asia-s-vaccine-distribution-hub2

Tarigan, M. I., & Hafandi, R. (2021). Equal Access to the Vaccination of Covid-19 in Southeast Asia: Can ASEAN be a Catalyst?. Hasanuddin Law Review, 119-132.

Tatoli. (2021). Timor-Leste launches first vaccination campaign to deal with covid-19. Retrieved on April 7 from Tatoli: http://www.tatoli.tl/en/2021/04/07/timor-leste-launches-first-vaccination-campaign-to-deal-with-covid-19/

Tuti, R. W., Murod, M., & Patrianti, T. (2020). Implementation of Large-Scale Social Restriction Policy (PSBB) in Bogor District Government. Jurnal Manajemen Pelayanan Publik, 4(1), 70-81. doi:doi.org/10.24198/jmpp.v4i1.27460

UC Davis Health. (2021). How the COVID-19 vaccine works, potential side effects and more. Retrieved on August 20 from UC Davis Health Web site: https://health.ucdavis.edu/coronavirus/covid-19-vaccine/how-covid-19-vaccines-work.html

United Nations Cambodia. (2021). United Nations support to Cambodia’s national COVID-19 vaccination roll-out - Information Note #11, 3 August 2021. Retrieved on August 3 from Relief Web: https://reliefweb.int/report/cambodia/united-nations-support-cambodia-s-national-covid-19-vaccination-roll-out-information

University of Missouri. (2021). COVID-19 Vaccine Key to Reaching ‘Herd Immunity’. Retrieved from MU Health Web site: https://www.muhealth.org/our-stories/covid-19-vaccine-key-reaching-herd-immunity

US Departement of State. (2021). U.S. Support to ASEAN in Fighting COVID-19. Retrieved on August 4 from US Departement of State: https://www.state.gov/u-s-support-to-asean-in-fighting-covid-19/

Walker, T. (2021). Myanmar Faces COVID Vaccination Woes as Health System Under Threat. Retrieved on September 11 from VOA News: https://www.voanews.com/east-asia-pacific/myanmar-faces-covid-vaccination-woes-health-system-under-threat

Washington State Departement of Health. (2021). How Does the COVID-19 Vaccine Work? Retrieved from Washington State Departement of Health Web site: https://www.doh.wa.gov/Emergencies/COVID19/VaccineInformation/HowVaccinesWork

WHO. (2020). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Vaccines. Retrieved on October 28 from WHO Web site: https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/coronavirus-disease-(covid-19)-vaccines?adgroupsurvey={adgroupsurvey}&gclid=CjwKCAjw-ZCKBhBkEiwAM4qfFwf9bxEh4-aMTi0MzFQDUz-taebM0p0Ff6Fzoc6DelLX4iMv6xW28RoCTgYQAvD_BwE

Wirawan, U. (2021). Brunei Mulai Program Vaksinasi Nasional Covid-19. Retrieved on April 4 from beritasatu.com: https://www.beritasatu.com/dunia/755205/brunei-mulai-program-vaksinasi-nasional-covid19

Wirawan, U. (2021). Tiongkok Sumbang Vaksin Covid-19 Sinopharm ke Laos. Retrieved on Februari 8 from Berita Satu: https://www.beritasatu.com/dunia/729887/tiongkok-sumbang-vaksin-covid19-sinopharm-ke-laos

Worldometer. (2021). South-Eastern Asia Population. Retrieved from Worldometer Web site: https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/south-eastern-asia-population/




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jmpp.v5i2.35964

Refbacks

  • Saat ini tidak ada refbacks.




 Jurnal Manajemen Pelayanan Publik Indexed By:

Google Scholar  Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE) WorldCat Indonesia One Search          
 

 

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.