Kualitas Hidup Orang Tua dengan Anak DIisabilitas

Ikeu Nurhidayah, Tia Imtihana, Fanny Adistie

Abstract


Saat ini diperkirakan 9,9 juta anak Indonesia hidup menyandang disabilitas. Orang tua sebagai caregiver utama rentan mengalami penurunan kualitas hidup akibat kesulitan merawat anak dengan disabilitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas hidup orang tua dengan anak disabilitas. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional menggunakan teknik accidental sampling didapatkan 65 sampel yang terdiri dari orang tua dengan anak disabilitas di SLB Negeri Cileunyi. World Health Organization Quality Of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) adalah instrumen untuk mengukur kualitas hidup, terdiri dari 26 butir pertanyaan, dianalisis menggunakan nilai distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan orang tua rata-rata memiliki kualitas hidup baik pada domain fisik dan psikologis serta sedang pada domain sosial dan lingkungan. Berdasarkan jenis disabilitas, orang tua dengan anak tunadaksa mayoritas memiliki kualitas hidup kategori baik. Berdasarkan faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap kualitas hidup, rata-rata memiliki kategori kualitas hidup sedang hingga baik pada setiap faktor. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah orang tua dengan anak disabilitas rata-rata memiliki kualitas hidup sedang hingga baik. Upaya mempertahankan dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup orang tua ke arah yang lebih baik mungkin diperlukan terutama pada domain hubungan sosial dan lingkungan dengan merancang program yang mampu meningkatkan kepuasan orang tua terhadap hubungan sosial dan lingkungan tempat mereka tinggal.

Keywords


Anak dengan disabilitas, kualitas hidup, orang tua

Full Text:

PDF

References


Chambers, H. G. (2015). Effects of Caregiving on The Families of Children and Adults with Disabilities. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of NA, 26(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmr.2014.09.004

Dardas, L. A., & Ahmad, M. M. (2014). Quality of life among parents of children with autistic disorder: A sample from the Arab world. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35(2), 278–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2013.10.029

Dewi, N., & Mu’in, M. (2015). Kualitas Hidup Orang Tua Dengan Anak Developmental Disability. Jurnal Keperawatan Komunitas

Disabled Living Foundation. (2012). Family Finance and Disability: The Cost Of Raising Children With Disability. London: University College London.

Hsiao, Y., Higgins, K., Pierce, T., Schaefer, P. J., & Tandy, R. D. (2017). Research in Developmental Disabilities Parental stress , family quality of life , and family-teacher partnerships : Families of children with autism spectrum disorder. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 70(August), 152–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2017.08.013

Ibrahim, K., Taboonpong, S., & Nilmanat, K. (2009). Coping and Quality of Life Among Indonesian Undergoing Hemodialysis. Thailand: Thai Journal of Nursing Research

Kementrian Kesehatan RI. (2014). Situasi Penyandang Disabilitas. Buletin Jendela Data & Informasi Kesehatan, Semester 2(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13398-014-0173-7.2

Manago, B., Davis, J.L., Goar, C. (2017). Discourse in Action: Parents’ use of medical and social models to resist disability stigma, Social Science & Medicine. Doi: 10.1016/ j.socscimed.2017.05.015.

Marchal, J. P., Maurice-Stam, H., Hatzmann, J., van Trotsenburg, A. S. P., & Grootenhuis, M. A. (2013b). Health related quality of life in parents of six to eight year old children with Down syndrome. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34(11), 4239–4247.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2013.09.011

Mugno, D., Ruta, L., Arrigo, V. G. D., & Mazzone, L. (2007). Impairment of quality of life in parents of children and adolescents with pervasive developmental disorder, 9, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-5-22

Muri, Y. (2017). Metode Penelitian: Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan Penelitian Campuran. Jakarta: Kencana.

Nieto, R., Pousada, M., Redolar, D., & Mun, E. (2013). Quality of life and mental health among parents of children with cerebral palsy : the influence of self-efficacy and coping strategies, 1579–1590. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.12124

Phillips, B. A., Conners, F., & Curtner-smith, M. E. (2017). Research in Developmental Disabilities Parenting children with down syndrome : An analysis of parenting styles , parenting dimensions , and parental stress. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 68(April), 9–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2017.06.010

Pisula, E. (2017). Family functioning , parenting stress and quality of life in mothers and fathers of Polish children with high functioning autism or Asperger syndrome, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186536

Salim, O. C., Sudharma, N. I., Kusumaratna, R. K., & Hidayat, A. (2016). Validitas dan reliabilitas World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF untuk mengukur kualitas hidup lanjut usia. Universa Medicina, 26(1), 27–38. Diakses melalui http://www.univmed.org/ejurnal/index.php/medicina/article/view/293/246

Scharf, R. J., Maphula, A., Pullen, P. C., Shrestha, R., Matherne, G. P., & Roshan, R. (2017). Global Disability Empowering Children of all Abilities, 64, 769–784. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2017.03.002

Sen, E., Yurtsever, S., (2007). Difficulties experienced by families with disabled children. Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing 12(4).

UNICEF. (2017). Introduction of Disabilities. Diakses melalui https://www.unicef.org/disabilities/ Pada 25 Oktober, 2017

Vlahovic, S. (2014). Health related quality of life in parents of children with speech and hearing impairment. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2013.12.001

World Health Organization. (1997). Measuring Quality of Life. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.

World Health Organization. (2011). World Report On Disability. Geneva: World Health Organization




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jnc.v3i3.22524

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

JNC is indexed on:

 

Redaksi Journal of Nursing Care:


Fakultas Keperawatan, Universitas Padjadjaran
Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km. 21 Jatinangor, Sumedang, Indonesia 45363
WA: 085314295890

Tlp. 022-7795596
Email: jnc.fkep@unpad.ac.id

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License

hit counter