APAKAH KETERAMPILAN PERSEPSI VISUAL BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN TINGKAT KEMATANGAN INTELEKTUAL ANAK?
Abstrak
Goodenough-Harris Drawing Test (GHDT) merupakan salah satu tes yang digunakan untuk mengukur kecerdasan anak melalui kematangannya yang dilihat dari hasil gambar. Sebagai sebuah tes yang hanya menggunakan kertas dan pensil, GHDT dianggap sebagai tes kecerdasan yang efisien dan tidak berbiaya mahal. Sementara itu anak-anak yang memiliki kemampuan menggambar dengan baik, biasanya mampu menghasilkan gambar orang dengan detail yang lebih lengkap. Oleh sebab itu, menjadi pertanyaan apakah kemampuan menggambar yang dihasilkan dari kemampuan persepsi visual yang tinggi berkorelasi dengan skor GHDT yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah skor tes GHDT berkorelasi secara signifikan dengan skor tes Frostig yang merupakan ukuran kemampuan persepsi visual motorik anak. Partisipan penelitian adalah 200 anak berusia 6-9 tahun (L=97, P=103) yang berasal dari SD di empat kota besar Indonesia yaitu Jakarta, Bandung, Yogyakarta dan Semarang. Dengan menggunakan analisis korelasi Spearman, didapatkan korelasi yang signifikan namun berada dalam kategori lemah antara skor GHDT dengan skor Frostig anak, yaitu sebesar .398. Skor GHDT memiliki korelasi paling tinggi dengan subtes 1 Frostig yang mengukur eye-motor coordination dengan indeks korelasi sebesar .62 (korelasi kuat). Artinya, kemampuan persepsi visual anak memang berkorelasi dengan skor GHDT, namun GHDT sendiri tidak semata-mata hanya mengukur kemampuan persepsi visual anak.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jpsp.v6i3.38424
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