Uji daya hasil jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus ostreatus) akibat aplikasi jenis nutrisi alternatif dengan pendekatan bioklimatik di kabupaten Karawang

Abstract

Sari Karawang merupakan wilayah di Jawa Barat yang sangat potensial dalam pengembangan budidaya jamur tiram putih. Salah satu usaha penerapan sistem pertanian yang berkelanjutan atau sistem pertanian yang peduli lingkungan dapat dilakukan dengan pemanfaatan nutrisi alternatif dan modifikasi bioklimatik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan jenis nutrisi alternatif terbaik yang mampu memberikan produksi jamur tiram putih tertinggi pada setiap posisi baglog. Penelitian dilakukan di kumbung percobaan Fakultas Pertanian UNSIKA, Kabupaten Karawang, dari bulan Januari sampai dengan bulan Agustus 2018. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial. Perlakuan terdiri dua faktor, yaitu jenis nutrisi alternatif dan posisi baglog. Faktor jenis nutrisi alternatif terdiri dari 5 taraf, yaitu aquades 100%, air leri 80%, ekstrak kulit kentang 40%, ekstrak tauge 60%, dan air kelapa tua 60%, sementara faktor posisi baglog terdiri dari 2 taraf, yaitu vertikal dan horizontal. Perlakuan diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat pengaruh interaksi antara jenis nutrisi alternatif dan posisi baglog selama 1 periode tanam (8 minggu) terhadap jumlah rumpun jamur per baglog, jumlah tudung jamur per rumpun, diameter tudung jamur maksimal per baglog, panjang batang jamur maksimal  per baglog  , bobot segar jamur per baglog, bobot kering jamur per baglog, serta intensitas panen per baglog. Pada posisi baglog vertikal, jenis nutrisi terbaik adalah air leri 80%. Pada posisi baglog horizontal, jenis nutrisi terbaik adalah ekstrak tauge 60%.

Kata Kunci: Jamur tiram putih, nutrisi organik, posisi baglog 

Abstract. Karawang is a region in West Java that is very potential in developing white oyster mushroom cultivation. One of the efforts to implement a sustainable agricultural system or an environmentally friendly agricultural system can be done by alternative nutrients application and bioclimatic modifications. This study aimed to obtain the best alternative nutrients that were able to provide the highest production of white oyster mushrooms in each baglog positions. The study was carried out at the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, UNSIKA, Karawang, from January to August 2018. The research method used factorial randomized block design (RBD). Treatments were consisted of two factors. There were types of alternative nutrient and baglog position, which was repeated 3 times. Types of alternative nutrient consisted of 5 levels: 100% aquadest, 80% liquid waste from rice washing, 40% potato peel extract, 60% bean sprouts extract,  and 60% old coconut water, while baglog position consisted of vertical and horizontal positions. The results showed that there was an interaction effect between alternative nutrient types and the positions of baglog for 1 planting period (8 weeks) on the number of mushroom clumps per baglog, number of mushroom caps, maximum mushroom hood diameter per baglog, maximum mushroom stem length per baglog, fresh weight mushrooms per baglog, mushroom dry weight per baglog, and crop intensity per baglog. In the vertical baglog position, the best type of nutrient was 80% liquid waste from rice washing. In the horizontal baglog position, the best type of nutrient was 60% bean sprout extract.

Keywords: Baglog position, organic nutrient, White oyster mushroom