Respons dua generasi tomat mutan insensitif etilen Sletr1-2 terhadap cekaman kekeringan
Abstract
Abstrak. Buah tomat tergolong ke dalam golongan buah klimaterik. Umur simpan buah tomat sangat dipengaruhi oleh keberadaan etilen. Tomat mutan NIL Sletr1-2 adalah generasi baru dari tomat insensitif etilen. Buah dari tomat mutan NIL Sletr1-2 memiliki umur simpan yang lebih lama dari tomat komersial pada umumnyanamun kehilangan fungsi untuk merespon keberadaan etilen dapat berpengaruh kepada pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman, khususnya dalam kondisi cekaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek cekaman kekeringan terhadap dua generasi tomat mutan insensitif etilen (NIL Sletr1-2 dan BC3F1 Sletr1-2), dengan tomat ‘Intan’ sebagai tanaman kontrol. Ketiga tomat tersebut disiram dengan tiga interval waktu yang berbeda, yaitu: setiap hari (kondisi normal), interval tiga hari (cekaman kekeringan moderat), dan interval lima hari (cekaman kekeringan berat). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam kondisi cekaman kekeringan moderat dan berat, respons morfologis (tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan panjang akar), dan anatomis (jumlah sel epidermis) kedua generasi tomat mutan lebih buruk dari tetuanya tomat ‘Intan’. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa berkurangnya sensitivitas etilen meningkatkan kerentanan tanaman dalam kondisi cekaman kekeringan, sekaligus memperkuat anggapan bahwa etilen berperan penting dalam ketahanan tanaman terhadap cekaman lingkungan.
Kata kunci: Cekaman kekeringan, Etilen, Insensitivitas etilen, Tomat mutan
Abstract.
Tomato belongs to climacteric fruits, Its fruit shelf life is highly affected by the presence of ethylene. NIL Sletr1-2 tomato is a novel generation of an ethylene insensitive mutant. Its fruit has prolonged fruit shelf life, lasting longer than commercial ones. However, the loss of function in ethylene response would affect plant growth and development, especially under stress conditions. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of drought stress on two generations of ethylene insensitive tomato mutants (NIL Sletr1-2 and BC3F1 Sletr1-2), with ‘Intan’ as a control plant. Those tomatoes were watered at three different intervals: every day; three days interval; and five days. The results showed that under three and five days watering interval, both generation of ethylene insensitive mutants have reduction in plant morphological response (plant height, number of leaves, and root length) and anatomical response (epidermal cell count), compared to their control, ‘Intan’. These results indicated that reduction in ethylene sensitivity could increase plant susceptibility under drought stress condition, thus solidifying the importance of ethylene in plant defence against environmental stress.
Keywords: Drought stress, Ethylene, Ethylene receptor, Tomato mutant
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/kultivasi.v20i1.32034
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