Evaluasi kualitas nutrisi microgreen bayam merah dan hijau menggunakan cahaya buatan

Aida Fadlilah Rahmani; Syariful Mubarok; Mochammad Arief Soleh; Boy Macklin Pareira Prawiranegara

doi:10.24198/kultivasi.v20i3.33365

Evaluasi kualitas nutrisi microgreen bayam merah dan hijau menggunakan cahaya buatan

Aida Fadlilah Rahmani, Syariful Mubarok, Mochammad Arief Soleh, Boy Macklin Pareira Prawiranegara

Abstract

Abstrak

Permasalahan yang muncul untuk mengusahakan pertanian perkotaan adalah semakin sulitnya menemukan lahan pertanian yang dimiliki masyarakat dan kesempatan waktu yang minim untuk budidaya tanaman. Permasalahan tersebut dapat diatasi salah satunya dengan menggunakan sistem hidroponik ditambah pencahayaan buatan untuk kebutuhan pertumbuhan tanaman. Penanaman microgreen dalam ruangan merupakan salah satu cara untuk memudahkan masyarakat dalam berbudidaya tanaman. Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari jenis warna cahaya buatan terhadap kualitas nutrisi microgreen bayam merah dan bayam hijau. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Analisis Tanaman dan Pasca Panen Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan dua faktor perlakuan, yaitu warna cahaya yang terdiri dari 5 level dan jenis tanaman yang terdiri dari 2 level. Faktor warna cahaya terdiri dari kontrol-cahaya matahari, kontrol artifisial-neon, lampu light emitting diode (LED) full spectrum, LED warna biru, dan LED warna merah. Faktor varietas tanaman yaitu microgreen bayam merah dan bayam hijau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi pengaruh interaksi antara warna cahaya dan varietas tanaman terhadap kualitas nutrisi microgreen yaitu kandungan fenol, flavonoid, dan aktivitas penangkap radikal diphenyl picril hydrazil hydrate (DPPH). Respon masing-masing varietas menunjukkan kualitas nutrisi yang berbeda. Perlakuan pencahayaan LED warna biru dan full spectrum memberikan kualitas hasil terbaik pada microgreen bayam merah, sedangkan perlakuan pencahayaan LED warna merah dan biru memberikan kualitas hasil terbaik pada microgreen bayam hijau.

Kata kunci: Bayam ∙ LED ∙ Microgreen ∙ Warna cahaya

Abstract. Agricultural problems in urban area are the obstacle to provide proper agricultural land owned by the local community and time limitation for plant cultivation activities. This problem can be overcome by using hydroponic system equipped by artificial lighting for plant growth needs. The concept of microgreen culture in indoor condition may ease people to have plant cultivation activities. The experiment was carried out to study the effect of different types of artificial light color on the nutritional quality of red and green spinach microgreen. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Analysis and Post-Harvest Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. The experimental design was randomized block design with two factors: artificial light color consisting of five levels and plant species consisting of two levels. The light color factor consisted of sunlight-control, artificial neon tube lamp-control, full spectrum light emitting diodes (LEDs), blue LEDs, and red LEDs. Plant varieties were red and green spinach. The results showed that there was an interaction between light color and plant varieties on nutritional quality of microgreen, such as phenol, flavonoid content, and diphenyl picril hydrazil hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. The responses of red and green spinach showed different nutritional quality. Blue and full spectrum LED lighting gave the best nutritional quality to red spinach microgreen, while red and blue LED lighting treatments gave the best results to green spinach microgreen.

Keywords: Spinach ∙ LED ∙ Microgreen ∙ Light colors

Keywords

Bayam; LED; Microgreen; Warna cahaya

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/kultivasi.v20i3.33365