Rekayasa budidaya dan penanganan pascapanen untuk meningkatkan kualitas teh Indonesia sebagai minuman fungsional kaya antioksidan
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Teh sebagai minuman fungsional sejalan dengan tema hari keamanan pangan 2021 yang bertema Safe food today for a healthy tomorrow, yang menekankan bahwa produksi dan konsumsi produk pangan yang aman akan memiliki manfaat jangka panjang untuk kesehatan dan ekosistem untuk masa depan. Teh (Camelia sinensis L. (O.) Kuntze ) merupakan minuman yang kaya akan senyawa bioaktif berupa antioksidan yang baik untuk kesehatan. Tidak hanya sebagai penghilang dahaga, tetapi kini teh berkembang sebagai minuman fungsional yang berperan dalam aspek kesehatan. Jawa Barat sebagai produsen teh dengan produksi terbanyak di Indonesia tentunya memiliki potensi yang cukup besar dalam mengembangkan industri teh mulai dari hulu hingga hilir, baik untuk jenis teh hitam, teh hijau, ataupun teh putih. Peningkatan kadar katekin sebagai antioksidan dari segi agronomi sangat dibutuhkan melalui inovasi dan riset yang terus menerus. Teh Indonesia khususnya Jawa Barat berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai minuman fungsional, terutama varietas Assamica yang memiliki kandungan antioksidan yang tinggi. Rekayasa budidaya tanaman teh sebagai minuman fungsional yang kaya antioksidan dapat dicapai melalui pemilihan klon, teknologi pemuliaan tanaman, penanaman pohon pelindung, optimalisasi lingkungan tumbuh serta diikuti oleh penanganan pasca panen, yakni pengolahan di pabrik serta teknik penyimpanan.
Kata Kunci : antioksidan, minuman fungsional, assamica.
ABSTRACT
Tea as a functional beverage is in line with the theme of the 2021 food safety day, i.e., “Safe food today for a healthy tomorrow”, that emphasizes that the production and consumption of safe food products will have long-term benefits for health and ecosystem in the future. Tea (Camelia sinensis L. (O.) Kuntze ) is an antioxidant-rich beverage that are good for health. Recently, tea served not only as a thirst quencher but also as a functional drink that plays a role in health aspects. West Java as the highest tea producer in Indonesia certainly has considerable potential in developing tea industry from upstream to downstream, whether for black tea, green tea or white tea. Increasing levels of catechins as antioxidants from an agronomic perspective are needed through continuous innovation and research on tea. Indonesian tea, especially West Java, has the potential to be developed as a functional drink, especially the Assamica variety with its high antioxidant content. Pre-harvest modification on tea plant to form antioxidant-rich functional beverage can be achieved through clone selection, plant breeding technology, planting protective trees, optimizing the growing environment and followed by post-harvest handling through factory processing as well as storage techniques.
Key words : antioxidants, assamica, functional beverage
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/kultivasi.v21i2.36027
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