Respons pertumbuhan biomassa bagian atas bibit kelapa sawit akibat pemberian kompos pelepah kelapa sawit, pupuk hayati, dan asam humat

Mira Ariyanti; Esnakelga Bernadetha Keliat; Cucu Suherman; Santi Rosniawaty; Mochamad Arief Soleh

doi:10.24198/kultivasi.v21i3.37975

Respons pertumbuhan biomassa bagian atas bibit kelapa sawit akibat pemberian kompos pelepah kelapa sawit, pupuk hayati, dan asam humat

Mira Ariyanti, Esnakelga Bernadetha Keliat, Cucu Suherman, Santi Rosniawaty, Mochamad Arief Soleh

Abstract

Abstrak

Pemberian pupuk anorganik dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman, tetapi penggunaan secara terus menerus menyebabkan dampak kurang baik bagi tanaman dan lingkungan pertanaman. Penelitian ini berkaitan dengan pentingnya penggunaan pupuk organik dalam mengurangi penggunaan pupuk anorganik sebagai salah satu langkah untuk mewujudkan perkebunan kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) yang berkelanjutan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui respons pertumbuhan biomassa bagian atas bibit kelapa sawit akibat pemberian kompos pelepah kelapa sawit yang dikombinasikan dengan pupuk hayati dan asam humat. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Ciparanje, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran pada bulan Januari – Juli 2020. Penelitian disusun menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan sembilan perlakuan, yaitu (A) 10 g pupuk anorganik, (B) 10 g pupuk hayati, (C) 25 mL asam humat, (D) 800 g kompos pelepah kelapa sawit + 5 g pupuk hayati, (E) 800 g kompos pelepah kelapa sawit + 10 g pupuk hayati, (F) 800 g kompos pelepah kelapa sawit + 25 mL asam humat, (G) 1600 g kompos pelepah kelapa sawit + 5 g pupuk hayati, (H) 1600 g kompos pelepah kelapa sawit + 10 g pupuk hayati, (I) 1600 g kompos pelepah kelapa sawit + 25 mL asam humat. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian 1600 g kompos pelepah kelapa sawit yang dikombinasikan dengan 10 g pupuk hayati mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi bibit, lilit batang, dan kandungan klorofil daun berturut-turut sebesar 62,67%, 25,88% dan 24,30% pada enam bulan setelah perlakuan.

Kata Kunci: bibit kelapa sawit, kompos pelepah kelapa sawit, pupuk hayati, asam humat

Abstract

The application of inorganic fertilizer is able to improve the plant growth, however, its application continuously stimulate negatice impact for both plant and environment. This research relates to the importance of using organic fertilizers in reducing the use of inorganic fertilizers as a step towards realizing sustainable oil palm plantations. This research aimed to determine the growth response of upper biomass of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) seedlings due to application of oil palm frond compost, biofertilizer and humic acid. The experiment was conducted at Ciparanje Field of Experiment, Padjadjaran University, from January until July 2020. Experiment design used was randomized block design (RDB) with nine treatments and each treatment was replicated three times. The treatments consisted of (A) 10 g inorganic fertilizer, (B) 10 g biofertilizer, (C) 25 mL humic acid, (D) 800 g oil palm frond compost and 5 g biofertilizer, (E) 800 g oil palm frond compost and 10 g biofertilizer, (F) 800 g oil palm frond compost and 25 mL humic acid, (G) 1600 g oil palm frond compost and 5 g biofertilizer, (H) 1600 g oil palm frond compost and 10 g biofertilizer, (I) 1600 g oil palm frond compost and 25 mL humic acid. The results of this research showed that combination of 1600 g oil palm frond compost and 10 g biofertilizer was able to increase plant height up to 62.67 %, the stem diameter up to 25.95 % and increased chlorophyll content up to 24.30 % at 6 months after treatment.

Keywords: oil palm seedling, oil palm frond compost, biofertilizer, humic acid

Keywords

bibit kelapa sawit; kompos pelepah kelapa sawit; pupuk hayati; asam humat

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/kultivasi.v21i3.37975