Aplikasi kalium klorida pada dosis yang berbeda secara fertigasi tetes untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil bawang merah
Abstract
Abstrak
Budidaya bawang merah (Allium cepa L.) di Provinsi Banten terhambat oleh masalah kekurangan air karena diusahakan di lahan kering. Oleh karena hal tersebut, kami mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian kalium klorida (KCl) melalui fertigasi tetes untuk efisiensi penggunaan air dan nutrisi pada budidaya bawang merah di lahan kering Banten. Penelitian polybag dilaksanakan dengan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap (RAKL) dengan 4 ulangan sebagai blok. Perlakuan terdiri dari dosis KCl dengan system fertigasi tetes yakni 50, 75, 100, 125 dan 150% dari dosis rekomendasi KCl untuk Provinsi Banten dan aplikasi KCl dengan sistem irigasi konvensional sesuai dosis rekomendasi sebagai kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tinggi tanaman bervariasi pada berbagai perlakuan pada pengamatan 6 dan 8 minggu setelah tanam (mst). Tinggi tanaman maksimal mencapai 49,4 cm pada perlakuan fertigasi tetes dengan dosis KCl 75% pada umur 6 mst dan 43,5 cm pada umur 8 mst. Jumlah daun pada umur 6 mst juga menunjukkan adanya variasi pada berbagai perlakuan. Jumlah daun terbanyak mencapai 23,1 helai yang ditunjukkan pada perlakuan fertigasi tetes dengan dosis KCl 75%. Namun, pada pengamatan kehijauan daun tidak menunjukkan beda nyata antar perlakuan. Hasil panen menunjukkan bahwa perlakauan fertigasi tetes pada dosis KCl 75% menunjukkan jumlah umbi per tanaman paling banyak (9,3 umbi per tanaman) dan bobot tumbi tertinggi (38,95 gram per tanaman). Dari hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi fertigasi tetes dapat mengurangi 25% dosis rekomendasi KCl dibandingkan dengan sistem konvensional.
Kata Kunci: KCl, dosis, sistem irigasi, umbi, penelitian polibag
Abstract
Shallot (Allium cepa L.) cropping in the Province of Banten has been impeded by water deficit problem due to it is occupying dry land areas. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of different potassium chloride doses under drip fertigation to increase the growth and yield of shallot in the dry land area of Banten. Potted research was laid out in a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with four replications as blocks. The treatment consisted of 50, 75, 100, 125, and 150% basal dose recommendation of potassium chloride under a drip fertigation system and 100% basal dose recommendation of potassium chloride under a conventional irrigation system as a control. The result revealed that plant height varied significantly due to the various level of potassium chloride at 6 and 8 weeks after planting (wap). Plant height was maximum at 75% basal dose recommendation of potassium chloride using drip fertigation at 6 wap (49.4 cm) and 8 wap (43.5 cm). In addition, there was significant differences in the number of leaves at 6 wap (23.1 leaves per plant). In contrast, there was no differences in leaf greenness among treatments. At harvest, the number of bulbs was maximum at 75% basal dose recommendation of potassium chloride using drip fertigation (9.3 bulbs per plant). Moreover, the heaviest bulbs weight was obtained in the 75% basal dose recommendation of potassium chloride using drip fertigation (38.95 grams per plant). Hence, drip fertigation application significantly reduced the 25% potassium basal dose recommendation compared to the conventional system.
Keywords: KCl, dose, irrigation system, bulb, potted research
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/kultivasi.v21i3.38434
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