Pengaruh dosis pupuk organik dan zat pengatur tumbuh dari ekstrak jagung terhadap koefisien sidik lintas karakter komponen hasil bawang merah varietas Bima
Abstract
Abstrak
Produksi dan produktivitas bawang merah dapat ditingkatkan melalui pemberian pupuk organik dan zat pengatur tumbuh dari ekstrak jagung. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan karakter yang efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil umbi bawang merah per hektar. Metode percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Petak Petak Terpisah (RPPT). dengan perlakuan dua jenis ekstrak (jagung manis dan jagung putih) sebagai Petak Utama, tiga jenis dosis pupuk organik sebagai Anak Petak, dan empat jenis konsentrasi zat pengatur tumbuh dari ekstrak jagung sebagai Anak Anak Petak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diameter umbi dan hasil umbi per rumpun merupakan dua karakter yang berpengaruh positif sangat nyata terhadap hasil umbi bawang merah per hektar dengan nilai pengaruh 0,515 dan 0,497. Perlakuan yang terbaik terhadap komponen hasil bawang merah adalah ekstrak jagung manis konsentrasi 1.5 ppm dengan pupuk organik dosis 4 t ha-1.
Kata Kunci: bawang merah, ekstrak jagung, karakter hasil, pupuk organik
Abstract
The production and productivity of shallots can be increased through the application of organic fertilizer and plant growth regulator (PGR) in form of corn extract. The aim of the study was to obtain an effectively character in increasing the yield of shallot bulbs per hectare. The experimental method used a Split Split Plot Design (SSPD) with two types of extract (sweet corn and white corn) as main plot, three doses of organic fertilizer as subplot, and four concentrations of PGR in form corn extract as sub-subplot. The results showed that tuber diameter and tuber yield per clump were two characters that had a very significant positive effect on the yield of shallot bulbs per hectare with effect values of 0.515 and 0.497, respectively. The organic fertilizer at a dose of 4 t ha-1 and PGR concentration of 1.5 ppm was the best treatment in this research, followed by sweet corn extract treatment. While the best effect of three factors on the yield component of shallot was sweet corn extract at a concentration of 1.5 ppm with an organic fertilizer at a dose of 4 t ha-1.
Keywords: shallots, corn extract, yield character, organic fertilizer
Keywords
Full Text:
PDF (Bahasa Indonesia)References
Asrijal. 2020. Produktivitas bawang merah varietas Bima melalui aplikasi ekstrak jagung manis sebagai zat pengatur tumbuh dan pupuk organik. J. TABARO Agriculture Science, 4(2): 458–463.
Asrijal. 2021. Effect of biological organic fertilizers and growth regulators for yield of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.). Agrotech Journal, 6(1): 18–22.
BPS. 2015. Statistik Konsumsi Pangan 2015. https://docplayer.info/47101969-Statistik-konsumsi-pangan-statistics-of-food-consumption-2015.html
Badri, A., G. Rassam, A. Dadkhah, and A. Mohaddesi. 2016. Path coefficient analysis for the yield related tratis of rice lines in North Iran. Annales of West University of Timisoara. Series of Biology, 19(2).
Bajguz, A., and A. Piotrowska. 2009. Conjugates of auxin and cytokinin. Phytochemistry, 70(8), 957–969.
Cholilie, I.A., T.R. Sari, and R. Nurhermawati. 2019. Production of compost and worm casting organic fertiliser from lumbricus rubellus and its application on red spinach plant (Altenanthera amoena V.). Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering, 2(1), 30–38.
Fikrinda, W. dan I.M.I. Agastya. 2019. Perbaikan keragaan bibit jeruk pamelo tanpa biji dengan strangulasi dan aplikasi beberapa dosis dari dua ZPT BAP dan 2,4-D. Jurnal Kultivasi, 18(1): 773–778.
Fitri, S.N.A., S.M. Bernas, E. Sodikin, A. Wijaya, and F. Apriadi. 2018. The influence of phosphate fertilizer and plant growth regulators on the growth and yield of ratoon rice (Oryza sativa L .) grown on swampland. 23(2): 73–80
Fuady, Z., H. Satriawan, dan Agusni. 2019. Effects of combination of inorganic and organic fertilizers application on morphology and physiology of immature oil palm. Planta Tropika: Journal of Agro Science, 7(1): 73–81.
Hamdani, J.S., T.P. Dewi, dan W. Sutari. 2019. Pengaruh komposisi media tanam dan waktu aplikasi zat pengatur tumbuh terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil benih kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) G2 kultivar medians di dataran medium Jatinangor. Jurnal Kultivasi, 8(2): 875–881.
Hardianti, A. 2015. Application Of Chicken Manure And Watering Frequency For Ssoil Physics Improvement Of Sand Mining Tailing Simulation And The Growth Of Spinach. Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Herawati, D., Mukarlina, dan Z. Zakiah. 2021. Multiplikasi anggrek Dendrobium sp. dengan penambahan ekstrak jagung (Zea mays) dan napthalaene acetic acid (NAA) secara In Vitro. Bioma, 6(1): 38–47.
Isyraq, M., L. Amalia, dan I. Aisyah. 2021. Pengaruh air kelapa sebagai sitokinin organik dan sukrosa terhadap pertumbuhan protocorm anggrek (Phalaenopsis hybrid M P 253 x F1 3363 (M )) in vitro. Jurnal Kultivasi, 20(1): 27–34.
Jamilah, W., Haryoko, dan W. Akriweldi. 2019. Response of black madras purple rice to pruning and application of unitas super liquid organic fertilizer. Planta Tropika, 7(1): 26–32.
Kaho, U.J.R., J. Naisanu, and K.S. Ida. 2020. Effect of cow manure and atonic on spinach (Amaranthus spp.) production in dry land. Jurnal Biologi Tropis, 20(3): 363–368.
Kalyan, B., K.V.R. Krishna, and L.V.S. Rao. 2017. Path coefficient analysis for yield and yield contributing fraits in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6(7): 2680–2687.
Kasi, P.D., S. Cambaba, dan W. Sanggola, 2021. Aplikasi ekstrak jagung dan air kelapa sebagai zat pengatur tumbuh alami pada pertumbuhan awal bibit apel. Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan, 9(3): 195-201.
Kusumiyati, S. Mubarok, I.E. Putri, dan R.N. Falah. 2019. Pengaruh asam giberelat (GA3) dan waktu panen terhadap kualitas hasil buah zukini (Cucurbita pepo L.). Jurnal Kultivasi, 18(2): 882–887.
Kyozuka, J. 2007. Control of shoot and root meristem function by cytokinin. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 10(5): 442–446.
Ningsih, E.M.N. dan Sudiyono. 2019. Aplikasi plant growth regulator auxin dari isolasi limbah air kelapa terfermentasi pada pertumbuhan. Ciastech: 191–196.
Pinto, P.S., I.K. Prasetyo, dan J. Rahaju. 2012. Optimasi pertumbuhan bibit apel (Malus sylvestris Mill.) dengan menggunakan cytokinin alami. Primordia, 8(2): 38–52.
Riadi, M., R. Sjahril, N. Kasim, and R.H. Diarjo. 2018. Heritability and path coefficient analysis for important characters of yield component related to grain yield in M4 red rice mutant. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 157(1).
Safitri, R., T. Rahayu, dan L. Widiastuti. 2021. Pengaruh macam media tanam dan konsentrasi zat pengatur tumbuh terhadap pertumbuhan stek dua nodus melati. Jurnal Kultivasi, 20(1): 22–26.
Setiadi, D., Noertjahyani, dan Suparman. 2018. Perbedaan kualitas dan vase life bunga krisan akibat aplikasi macam pupuk organik dengan variasi jarak tanam. Jurnal Kultivasi, 17(1): 587–595.
Shabir, G., S.A. Naveed, and M. Arif. 2013. Phenotypic variability and association of yield components in rice estimation of phenotypic variability and mutual association of yield and its components in rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm using multivariate analysis. J. Agric. Res, 51(4).
Subardja, V.O., Muharam, dan Wagyono. 2020. Perbedaan waktu inkubasi pupuk organik diperkaya untuk efisiensi pemupukan anorganik N dan P pada tanaman kedelai. Agrosainstek, 4(1): 54-60.
Suminar, E., D.S. Sobarna, S. Mubarok, Sulistyaningsih, dan A. Setiawan. 2021. Pertumbuhan tunas kunyit tinggi kurkumin pada berbagai jenis sitokinin dan auksin secara in vitro. Jurnal Kultivasi, 20(1): 42–46.
Supriyadi, M.K. Pratiwi, S. Minardi, dan N.L. Prastiyaningsih. 2020. Carbon organic content under organic and conventional paddy field and its effect on biological activities (a case study in Pati Regency, Indonesia). Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 35(1): 108.
Supriyanto and K.E. Prakasa. 2011. The effects of rootone-F plant growth regulators on the growth of Duabanga mollucana. Blume. J. Silvikultur Tropika, 3(1): 59–65.
Taiz, L., and E. Zeiger. 2002. Plant Physiology, 3rd edn. In Thomas Lazar (Ed.), Language: English (3rd edn, p. 690 pages). Sinauer Associates.
Upe, A. 2019. Use of various concentrations of plant growth regulator (PGR) of sweet corn on the growth and production of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.). International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology (IJEAB), 4(3): 660–663.
Vanisree, S., K. Swapna, C.D. Raju, C.S. Raju, and M. Sreedhar. 2013. Genetic variability and selection criteria in rice. Journal of Biological & Scientific Opinion, 1(4): 341–346.
Widasari, R., Mukarlina, and Z. Zakiah. 2021. Pertumbuhan biji buah naga (Hylocereus polyrhizus) dengan pemberian NAA dan ekstrak biji jagung (Zea mays) secara In Vitro. Jurnal Bios Logos, 11(1): 47-53.
Yuniarti, A., E. Solihin, dan A.T.A. Putri. 2020. Aplikasi pupuk organik dan N,P,K terhadap pH tanah, P tersedia, serapan P, dan hasil padi hitam (Oryza sativa L.) pada inceptisol. Jurnal Kultivasi, 19(1): 1040–1046.
Zhao, Y. 2008. The role of local biosynthesis of auxin and cytokinin in plant development. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 11(1): 16–22.
Zhao, Y. 2010. Auxin biosynthesis and Its role in plant development. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 61(1): 49–64.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/kultivasi.v21i2.38832
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Kultivasi Indexed by:
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.