Combination Benson's Relaxation Technique and Energy Manajement to Overcome Activity Intolerance Nursing Problems in Coronary Artery Disease Patients: A Case Report

Umy Riskyani, Nita Fitria, Nursiswati Nursiswati

Abstract


In patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), activity intolerance is a major issue. Energy management is a non-pharmacological intervention that is commonly used in patients with activity intolerance. The problem of activity intolerance can be overcome with complementary or alternative relaxation therapy, namely the Benson relaxation technique. The goal of this case study is to describe how a combination of Benson relaxation techniques and energy management helped CAD patients with activity intolerance nursing problems. The method used in this study is a case report. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, physical examinations, and hospital medical records. Interventions are carried out to address the main problem of activity intolerance. In this study, the Benson relaxation technique was given together with energy management, namely, gradual physical activity for 3 days for 20 minutes per day. The results of this case study show that after the Benson relaxation technique intervention, which was given in conjunction with the energy management intervention, these outcomes improved, namely subjective data, complaints of fatigue after decreased activity, and objective data showing improved pulse rate and ease of doing daily activities. In conclusion, the Benson relaxation technique can be applied as a complementary and alternative intervention that is given together with energy management interventions to address the problem of activity intolerance in CAD patients.

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References


Alzaghmouri, A. H., Masa’Deh, R., Al Jaberi, M., Masadeh, O. M., Al Smadi, A. M., & Alshawabkeh, G. A. (2021). The effect of Benson relaxation technique on fatigue of patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Journal of Health Sciences, 11(3), 159–159. https://doi.org/10.17532/jhsci.2021.1229

American Heart Association. (2021). 2021 Heart Disease & Stroke Statistical Update Fact Sheet Global Burden of Disease High Blood Cholesterol and Other Lipids. American Heart Association, Cvd, 2019–2021.

Black, J. M., & Hawks, J. H. (2014). Medical Surgical Nursing: Clinical Management for Positive Outcomes (8th ed.). Elsevier.

Davidson, K. W., Bigger, J. T., Burg, M. M., Dornelas, E., Duer-Hefele, J., Frasure-Smith, N., Freeland, K. E., Haas, D. C., Jaffe, A. S., Lapado, J. A., Lesperance, F., Medina, V., Newman, J. D., Osorio, G. A., Parsons, F., Schwartz, J. E., Shaffer, J. A., Shapiro, P. A., Sheps, D. S., … Ye, S. (2013). Centralized, Stepped, Patient Preference–Based Treatment for JAMA Intern Med Author Manuscript . Author manuscript; available in PMC 2014 June 10. . 2013 June 10; 173(11): 997–1004. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.915. Patients With Post–Acute Coronary Syn. JAMA Internal Medicine, 173(11), 997–1004. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.915.Centralized

Doenges, M. E., Moorhouse, M. F., & Murr, A. C. (2014). Nursing Care Plans Guidelines for Individualizing Client Care. In F.A. Davis Company (9th ed., Vol. 53, Issue 9).

Harding, M. M., & Kwong, J. (2019). Lewis ’ s Medical-Surgical Nursing Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems (Elevent Ed). Elsevier.

Heshmati, N., Salari, M., Hasan, M., & Borzoee, F. (2020). Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice The effects of Benson relaxation technique on activities of daily living in hemodialysis patients ; A single-blind , randomized , parallel-group , controlled trial study. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 39(February), 101133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101133

Kemenkes RI. (2018). Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar Tahun 2018. Kementrian Kesehatan RI, 53(9), 1689–1699.

Kemenkes RI. (2019). Hari Jantung Sedunia (HJS) Tahun 2019 : Jantung Sehat, SDM Unggul. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. https://p2ptm.kemkes.go.id/kegiatan-p2ptm/pusat-/hari-jantung-sedunia-hjs-tahun-2019-jantung-sehat-sdm-unggul

Laporan Provinsi Jawa Barat Riskesdas. (2018). Laporan Provinsi Jawa Barat, Prevalensi Diabetes Mellitus berdasarkan Diagnosis Dokter pada penduduk Semua Umur Menurut Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa barat Kabupaten Bekasi. In Lembaga Penerbit Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan.

Manurung, M., Manurung, T., & Sigian, P. (2019). Skala nyeri post appendixtomy di RSUD Porsea. Jurnal Keperawatan Priority, 2(2), 61–69. https://doi.org/10.34012/jukep.v2i2.541

Muliantino, M. R., Herawati, T., & Masfuri, M. (2018). Relaksasi Benson Untuk Durasi Tidur Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner. Jurnal Endurance, 3(3), 556. https://doi.org/10.22216/jen.v3i3.2788

Muliantino, M. R., Tuti Herawati, & Masfuri. (2020). Benson’s Relaxation for Fatigue Patient with Coronary Artery Disease. Caring: Indonesian Journal of Nursing Science, 2(1), 63–69. https://doi.org/10.32734/ijns.v2i1.4170

Pahlawi, R., & Sativani, Z. (2021). Active Cycle Breathing Technique Terhadap Fungsional Paru Pasien Post CABG (Laporan Kasus Berbasis Bukti). Jurnal Keperawatan Profesional, 2(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.36590/kepo.v2i1.136

Pehlivan, S., Vatansever, N., Arslan, İ., Yildiz, A., & Ersoy, A. (2019). Level of Daily Life Activities and Learning Needs in Renal Transplant Patients. Experimental and Clinical Transplantation, February. https://doi.org/10.6002/ect.2018.0151

Powley, T. L. (2021). Brain-gut communication: vagovagal reflexes interconnect the two “brains.” American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, 321(5), G576–G587. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00214.2021

PPNI, Tim Pojka SDKI DPP. (2017). Standar Diagnosis Keperawatan Indonesia Definisi dan Indikator Diagnostik (1st ed.). DPP PPNI.

PPNI, Tim Pojka SLKI DPP. (2019). Standar Luaran Keperawatan Indonesia Definisi dan Kriteria Hasil Keperawatan (1st ed.). DPP PPNI.

PPNI, Tim Pokja SIKI DPP. (2018). Standar Intervensi Keperawatan Indonesia Definisi dan Tindakan Keperawatan (1st ed.). DPP PPNI.

Rambod, M., Pourali-Mohammadi, N., Pasyar, N., Rafii, F., & Sharif, F. (2013). The effect of Benson’s relaxation technique on the quality of sleep of Iranian hemodialysis patients: A randomized trial. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 21(6), 577–584. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2013.08.009

Rosidawati, I. (2016). Kualitas Hidup Pasien Pasca Bedah Pintas Arteri Koroner (BPAK). Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran, v4(n2), 151–161. https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v4n2.5

Seifi, L., Najafi Ghezeljeh, T., & Haghani, H. (2018). Comparison of the Effects of Benson Muscle Relaxation and Nature Sounds on the Fatigue in Patients with Heart Failure: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Holistic Nursing Practice, 32(1), 27–34. https://doi.org/10.1097/HNP.0000000000000242

Smeltzer, S. C. (2018). Keperawatan Medical-Bedah Brunner & Suddarth (E. A. Medella (ed.); 12th ed.). EGC.

Taroreh, G. N., Mpila, D., & Citraningtyas, G. (2017). Evaluasi penggunaan obat pada pasien penyakit jantung koroner. Jurnal Ilmiah Farmas, 6(4), 55–66.

Vatwani, A., & Margonis, R. (2019). Energy Conservation Techniques to Decrease Fatigue. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 100(6), 1193–1196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2019.01.005

WHO. (2021). Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds)

Alzaghmouri, A. H., Masa’Deh, R., Al Jaberi, M., Masadeh, O. M., Al Smadi, A. M., & Alshawabkeh, G. A. (2021). The effect of Benson relaxation technique on fatigue of patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Journal of Health Sciences, 11(3), 159–159. https://doi.org/10.17532/jhsci.2021.1229

American Heart Association. (2021). 2021 Heart Disease & Stroke Statistical Update Fact Sheet Global Burden of Disease High Blood Cholesterol and Other Lipids. American Heart Association, Cvd, 2019–2021.

Black, J. M., & Hawks, J. H. (2014). Medical Surgical Nursing: Clinical Management for Positive Outcomes (8th ed.). Elsevier.

Davidson, K. W., Bigger, J. T., Burg, M. M., Dornelas, E., Duer-Hefele, J., Frasure-Smith, N., Freeland, K. E., Haas, D. C., Jaffe, A. S., Lapado, J. A., Lesperance, F., Medina, V., Newman, J. D., Osorio, G. A., Parsons, F., Schwartz, J. E., Shaffer, J. A., Shapiro, P. A., Sheps, D. S., … Ye, S. (2013). Centralized, Stepped, Patient Preference–Based Treatment for JAMA Intern Med Author Manuscript . Author manuscript; available in PMC 2014 June 10. . 2013 June 10; 173(11): 997–1004. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.915. Patients With Post–Acute Coronary Syn. JAMA Internal Medicine, 173(11), 997–1004. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.915.Centralized

Doenges, M. E., Moorhouse, M. F., & Murr, A. C. (2014). Nursing Care Plans Guidelines for Individualizing Client Care. In F.A. Davis Company (9th ed., Vol. 53, Issue 9).

Harding, M. M., & Kwong, J. (2019). Lewis ’ s Medical-Surgical Nursing Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems (Elevent Ed). Elsevier.

Heshmati, N., Salari, M., Hasan, M., & Borzoee, F. (2020). Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice The effects of Benson relaxation technique on activities of daily living in hemodialysis patients ; A single-blind , randomized , parallel-group , controlled trial study. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 39(February), 101133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101133

Kemenkes RI. (2018). Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar Tahun 2018. Kementrian Kesehatan RI, 53(9), 1689–1699.

Kemenkes RI. (2019). Hari Jantung Sedunia (HJS) Tahun 2019 : Jantung Sehat, SDM Unggul. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. https://p2ptm.kemkes.go.id/kegiatan-p2ptm/pusat-/hari-jantung-sedunia-hjs-tahun-2019-jantung-sehat-sdm-unggul

Laporan Provinsi Jawa Barat Riskesdas. (2018). Laporan Provinsi Jawa Barat, Prevalensi Diabetes Mellitus berdasarkan Diagnosis Dokter pada penduduk Semua Umur Menurut Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa barat Kabupaten Bekasi. In Lembaga Penerbit Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan.

Manurung, M., Manurung, T., & Sigian, P. (2019). Skala nyeri post appendixtomy di RSUD Porsea. Jurnal Keperawatan Priority, 2(2), 61–69. https://doi.org/10.34012/jukep.v2i2.541

Muliantino, M. R., Herawati, T., & Masfuri, M. (2018). Relaksasi Benson Untuk Durasi Tidur Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner. Jurnal Endurance, 3(3), 556. https://doi.org/10.22216/jen.v3i3.2788

Muliantino, M. R., Tuti Herawati, & Masfuri. (2020). Benson’s Relaxation for Fatigue Patient with Coronary Artery Disease. Caring: Indonesian Journal of Nursing Science, 2(1), 63–69. https://doi.org/10.32734/ijns.v2i1.4170

Pahlawi, R., & Sativani, Z. (2021). Active Cycle Breathing Technique Terhadap Fungsional Paru Pasien Post CABG (Laporan Kasus Berbasis Bukti). Jurnal Keperawatan Profesional, 2(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.36590/kepo.v2i1.136

Pehlivan, S., Vatansever, N., Arslan, İ., Yildiz, A., & Ersoy, A. (2019). Level of Daily Life Activities and Learning Needs in Renal Transplant Patients. Experimental and Clinical Transplantation, February. https://doi.org/10.6002/ect.2018.0151

Powley, T. L. (2021). Brain-gut communication: vagovagal reflexes interconnect the two “brains.” American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, 321(5), G576–G587. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00214.2021

PPNI, Tim Pojka SDKI DPP. (2017). Standar Diagnosis Keperawatan Indonesia Definisi dan Indikator Diagnostik (1st ed.). DPP PPNI.

PPNI, Tim Pojka SLKI DPP. (2019). Standar Luaran Keperawatan Indonesia Definisi dan Kriteria Hasil Keperawatan (1st ed.). DPP PPNI.

PPNI, Tim Pokja SIKI DPP. (2018). Standar Intervensi Keperawatan Indonesia Definisi dan Tindakan Keperawatan (1st ed.). DPP PPNI.

Rambod, M., Pourali-Mohammadi, N., Pasyar, N., Rafii, F., & Sharif, F. (2013). The effect of Benson’s relaxation technique on the quality of sleep of Iranian hemodialysis patients: A randomized trial. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 21(6), 577–584. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2013.08.009

Rosidawati, I. (2016). Kualitas Hidup Pasien Pasca Bedah Pintas Arteri Koroner (BPAK). Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran, v4(n2), 151–161. https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v4n2.5

Seifi, L., Najafi Ghezeljeh, T., & Haghani, H. (2018). Comparison of the Effects of Benson Muscle Relaxation and Nature Sounds on the Fatigue in Patients with Heart Failure: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Holistic Nursing Practice, 32(1), 27–34. https://doi.org/10.1097/HNP.0000000000000242

Smeltzer, S. C. (2018). Keperawatan Medical-Bedah Brunner & Suddarth (E. A. Medella (ed.); 12th ed.). EGC.

Taroreh, G. N., Mpila, D., & Citraningtyas, G. (2017). Evaluasi penggunaan obat pada pasien penyakit jantung koroner. Jurnal Ilmiah Farmas, 6(4), 55–66.

Vatwani, A., & Margonis, R. (2019). Energy Conservation Techniques to Decrease Fatigue. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 100(6), 1193–1196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2019.01.005

WHO. (2021). Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds)

Alzaghmouri, A. H., Masa’Deh, R., Al Jaberi, M., Masadeh, O. M., Al Smadi, A. M., & Alshawabkeh, G. A. (2021). The effect of Benson relaxation technique on fatigue of patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Journal of Health Sciences, 11(3), 159–159. https://doi.org/10.17532/jhsci.2021.1229

American Heart Association. (2021). 2021 Heart Disease & Stroke Statistical Update Fact Sheet Global Burden of Disease High Blood Cholesterol and Other Lipids. American Heart Association, Cvd, 2019–2021.

Black, J. M., & Hawks, J. H. (2014). Medical Surgical Nursing: Clinical Management for Positive Outcomes (8th ed.). Elsevier.

Davidson, K. W., Bigger, J. T., Burg, M. M., Dornelas, E., Duer-Hefele, J., Frasure-Smith, N., Freeland, K. E., Haas, D. C., Jaffe, A. S., Lapado, J. A., Lesperance, F., Medina, V., Newman, J. D., Osorio, G. A., Parsons, F., Schwartz, J. E., Shaffer, J. A., Shapiro, P. A., Sheps, D. S., … Ye, S. (2013). Centralized, Stepped, Patient Preference–Based Treatment for JAMA Intern Med Author Manuscript . Author manuscript; available in PMC 2014 June 10. . 2013 June 10; 173(11): 997–1004. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.915. Patients With Post–Acute Coronary Syn. JAMA Internal Medicine, 173(11), 997–1004. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.915.Centralized

Doenges, M. E., Moorhouse, M. F., & Murr, A. C. (2014). Nursing Care Plans Guidelines for Individualizing Client Care. In F.A. Davis Company (9th ed., Vol. 53, Issue 9).

Harding, M. M., & Kwong, J. (2019). Lewis ’ s Medical-Surgical Nursing Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems (Elevent Ed). Elsevier.

Heshmati, N., Salari, M., Hasan, M., & Borzoee, F. (2020). Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice The effects of Benson relaxation technique on activities of daily living in hemodialysis patients ; A single-blind , randomized , parallel-group , controlled trial study. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 39(February), 101133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101133

Kemenkes RI. (2018). Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar Tahun 2018. Kementrian Kesehatan RI, 53(9), 1689–1699.

Kemenkes RI. (2019). Hari Jantung Sedunia (HJS) Tahun 2019 : Jantung Sehat, SDM Unggul. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. https://p2ptm.kemkes.go.id/kegiatan-p2ptm/pusat-/hari-jantung-sedunia-hjs-tahun-2019-jantung-sehat-sdm-unggul

Laporan Provinsi Jawa Barat Riskesdas. (2018). Laporan Provinsi Jawa Barat, Prevalensi Diabetes Mellitus berdasarkan Diagnosis Dokter pada penduduk Semua Umur Menurut Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa barat Kabupaten Bekasi. In Lembaga Penerbit Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan.

Manurung, M., Manurung, T., & Sigian, P. (2019). Skala nyeri post appendixtomy di RSUD Porsea. Jurnal Keperawatan Priority, 2(2), 61–69. https://doi.org/10.34012/jukep.v2i2.541

Muliantino, M. R., Herawati, T., & Masfuri, M. (2018). Relaksasi Benson Untuk Durasi Tidur Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner. Jurnal Endurance, 3(3), 556. https://doi.org/10.22216/jen.v3i3.2788

Muliantino, M. R., Tuti Herawati, & Masfuri. (2020). Benson’s Relaxation for Fatigue Patient with Coronary Artery Disease. Caring: Indonesian Journal of Nursing Science, 2(1), 63–69. https://doi.org/10.32734/ijns.v2i1.4170

Pahlawi, R., & Sativani, Z. (2021). Active Cycle Breathing Technique Terhadap Fungsional Paru Pasien Post CABG (Laporan Kasus Berbasis Bukti). Jurnal Keperawatan Profesional, 2(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.36590/kepo.v2i1.136

Pehlivan, S., Vatansever, N., Arslan, İ., Yildiz, A., & Ersoy, A. (2019). Level of Daily Life Activities and Learning Needs in Renal Transplant Patients. Experimental and Clinical Transplantation, February. https://doi.org/10.6002/ect.2018.0151

Powley, T. L. (2021). Brain-gut communication: vagovagal reflexes interconnect the two “brains.” American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, 321(5), G576–G587. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00214.2021

PPNI, Tim Pojka SDKI DPP. (2017). Standar Diagnosis Keperawatan Indonesia Definisi dan Indikator Diagnostik (1st ed.). DPP PPNI.

PPNI, Tim Pojka SLKI DPP. (2019). Standar Luaran Keperawatan Indonesia Definisi dan Kriteria Hasil Keperawatan (1st ed.). DPP PPNI.

PPNI, Tim Pokja SIKI DPP. (2018). Standar Intervensi Keperawatan Indonesia Definisi dan Tindakan Keperawatan (1st ed.). DPP PPNI.

Rambod, M., Pourali-Mohammadi, N., Pasyar, N., Rafii, F., & Sharif, F. (2013). The effect of Benson’s relaxation technique on the quality of sleep of Iranian hemodialysis patients: A randomized trial. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 21(6), 577–584. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2013.08.009

Rosidawati, I. (2016). Kualitas Hidup Pasien Pasca Bedah Pintas Arteri Koroner (BPAK). Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran, v4(n2), 151–161. https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v4n2.5

Seifi, L., Najafi Ghezeljeh, T., & Haghani, H. (2018). Comparison of the Effects of Benson Muscle Relaxation and Nature Sounds on the Fatigue in Patients with Heart Failure: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Holistic Nursing Practice, 32(1), 27–34. https://doi.org/10.1097/HNP.0000000000000242

Smeltzer, S. C. (2018). Keperawatan Medical-Bedah Brunner & Suddarth (E. A. Medella (ed.); 12th ed.). EGC.

Taroreh, G. N., Mpila, D., & Citraningtyas, G. (2017). Evaluasi penggunaan obat pada pasien penyakit jantung koroner. Jurnal Ilmiah Farmas, 6(4), 55–66.

Vatwani, A., & Margonis, R. (2019). Energy Conservation Techniques to Decrease Fatigue. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 100(6), 1193–1196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2019.01.005

WHO. (2021). Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds)

Alzaghmouri, A. H., Masa’Deh, R., Al Jaberi, M., Masadeh, O. M., Al Smadi, A. M., & Alshawabkeh, G. A. (2021). The effect of Benson relaxation technique on fatigue of patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Journal of Health Sciences, 11(3), 159–159. https://doi.org/10.17532/jhsci.2021.1229

American Heart Association. (2021). 2021 Heart Disease & Stroke Statistical Update Fact Sheet Global Burden of Disease High Blood Cholesterol and Other Lipids. American Heart Association, Cvd, 2019–2021.

Black, J. M., & Hawks, J. H. (2014). Medical Surgical Nursing: Clinical Management for Positive Outcomes (8th ed.). Elsevier.

Davidson, K. W., Bigger, J. T., Burg, M. M., Dornelas, E., Duer-Hefele, J., Frasure-Smith, N., Freeland, K. E., Haas, D. C., Jaffe, A. S., Lapado, J. A., Lesperance, F., Medina, V., Newman, J. D., Osorio, G. A., Parsons, F., Schwartz, J. E., Shaffer, J. A., Shapiro, P. A., Sheps, D. S., … Ye, S. (2013). Centralized, Stepped, Patient Preference–Based Treatment for JAMA Intern Med Author Manuscript . Author manuscript; available in PMC 2014 June 10. . 2013 June 10; 173(11): 997–1004. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.915. Patients With Post–Acute Coronary Syn. JAMA Internal Medicine, 173(11), 997–1004. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.915.Centralized

Doenges, M. E., Moorhouse, M. F., & Murr, A. C. (2014). Nursing Care Plans Guidelines for Individualizing Client Care. In F.A. Davis Company (9th ed., Vol. 53, Issue 9).

Harding, M. M., & Kwong, J. (2019). Lewis ’ s Medical-Surgical Nursing Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems (Elevent Ed). Elsevier.

Heshmati, N., Salari, M., Hasan, M., & Borzoee, F. (2020). Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice The effects of Benson relaxation technique on activities of daily living in hemodialysis patients ; A single-blind , randomized , parallel-group , controlled trial study. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 39(February), 101133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101133

Kemenkes RI. (2018). Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar Tahun 2018. Kementrian Kesehatan RI, 53(9), 1689–1699.

Kemenkes RI. (2019). Hari Jantung Sedunia (HJS) Tahun 2019 : Jantung Sehat, SDM Unggul. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. https://p2ptm.kemkes.go.id/kegiatan-p2ptm/pusat-/hari-jantung-sedunia-hjs-tahun-2019-jantung-sehat-sdm-unggul

Laporan Provinsi Jawa Barat Riskesdas. (2018). Laporan Provinsi Jawa Barat, Prevalensi Diabetes Mellitus berdasarkan Diagnosis Dokter pada penduduk Semua Umur Menurut Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa barat Kabupaten Bekasi. In Lembaga Penerbit Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan.

Manurung, M., Manurung, T., & Sigian, P. (2019). Skala nyeri post appendixtomy di RSUD Porsea. Jurnal Keperawatan Priority, 2(2), 61–69. https://doi.org/10.34012/jukep.v2i2.541

Muliantino, M. R., Herawati, T., & Masfuri, M. (2018). Relaksasi Benson Untuk Durasi Tidur Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner. Jurnal Endurance, 3(3), 556. https://doi.org/10.22216/jen.v3i3.2788

Muliantino, M. R., Tuti Herawati, & Masfuri. (2020). Benson’s Relaxation for Fatigue Patient with Coronary Artery Disease. Caring: Indonesian Journal of Nursing Science, 2(1), 63–69. https://doi.org/10.32734/ijns.v2i1.4170

Pahlawi, R., & Sativani, Z. (2021). Active Cycle Breathing Technique Terhadap Fungsional Paru Pasien Post CABG (Laporan Kasus Berbasis Bukti). Jurnal Keperawatan Profesional, 2(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.36590/kepo.v2i1.136

Pehlivan, S., Vatansever, N., Arslan, İ., Yildiz, A., & Ersoy, A. (2019). Level of Daily Life Activities and Learning Needs in Renal Transplant Patients. Experimental and Clinical Transplantation, February. https://doi.org/10.6002/ect.2018.0151

Powley, T. L. (2021). Brain-gut communication: vagovagal reflexes interconnect the two “brains.” American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, 321(5), G576–G587. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00214.2021

PPNI, Tim Pojka SDKI DPP. (2017). Standar Diagnosis Keperawatan Indonesia Definisi dan Indikator Diagnostik (1st ed.). DPP PPNI.

PPNI, Tim Pojka SLKI DPP. (2019). Standar Luaran Keperawatan Indonesia Definisi dan Kriteria Hasil Keperawatan (1st ed.). DPP PPNI.

PPNI, Tim Pokja SIKI DPP. (2018). Standar Intervensi Keperawatan Indonesia Definisi dan Tindakan Keperawatan (1st ed.). DPP PPNI.

Rambod, M., Pourali-Mohammadi, N., Pasyar, N., Rafii, F., & Sharif, F. (2013). The effect of Benson’s relaxation technique on the quality of sleep of Iranian hemodialysis patients: A randomized trial. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 21(6), 577–584. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2013.08.009

Rosidawati, I. (2016). Kualitas Hidup Pasien Pasca Bedah Pintas Arteri Koroner (BPAK). Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran, v4(n2), 151–161. https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v4n2.5

Seifi, L., Najafi Ghezeljeh, T., & Haghani, H. (2018). Comparison of the Effects of Benson Muscle Relaxation and Nature Sounds on the Fatigue in Patients with Heart Failure: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Holistic Nursing Practice, 32(1), 27–34. https://doi.org/10.1097/HNP.0000000000000242

Smeltzer, S. C. (2018). Keperawatan Medical-Bedah Brunner & Suddarth (E. A. Medella (ed.); 12th ed.). EGC.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/pacnj.v3i2.46132

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