Pengalaman karies dan tingkat nyeri pada gigi akibat karies pada ibu hamilCaries experience and level of caries-induced dental pain in pregnant women

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Kehamilan merupakan keadaan ketika seorang ibu sedang mengandung janin di dalam perutnya. Selama masa kehamilan, ibu hamil biasanya mengalami beberapa perubahan pada tubuhnya, seperti perubahan psikologis dan hormonal. Perubahan tersebut dapat memicu munculnya penyakit gigi dan mulut seperti karies. Karies pada ibu hamil dapat menimbulkan rasa nyeri dengan intensitas yang berbeda. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengalaman karies dan tingkat nyeri pada gigi yang dirasakan oleh ibu hamil di Puskesmas Garuda. Metode: Jenis penelitian bersifat deskriptif cross-sectional. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengambilan sampel consecutive sampling. Penentuan jumlah sampel berdasarkan rumus Lemeshow sebanyak 50 ibu hamil. Pengukuran tingkat nyeri menggunakan Verbal Rating Scale (VRS) dengan bantuan Mnemonik PQRST yang terdiri dari Palliative, Quality, Regio, Subject dan Temporal dalam bentuk kuesioner serta pemeriksaan indeks DMF-T. Hasil: Hasil nilai DMF-T sebesar 7,26 dan masuk ke dalam kategori rendah serta persentase hasil tingkat nyeri pada ibu hamil menunjukkan sebanyak 30 orang (60%) tidak merasakan nyeri, sebanyak 11 orang (22%) merasakan nyeri ringan, sebanyak 8 orang (16%) merasakan nyeri sedang dan 1 orang (2%) merasakan nyeri berat.  Simpulan: Pengalaman karies yang diukur melalui indeks DMF-T termasuk ke dalam kategori rendah dan ibu hamil tidak merasakan nyeri pada gigi akibat karies dengan kriteria keparahan rendah.

Kata kunci: indeks DMF-T; karies; nyeri gigi; ibu hamil

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Pregnancy is a state when a woman carries a foetus in her womb. During pregnancy, women usually experience several changes in their bodies, such as psychological and hormonal changes. These changes can lead to the emergence of oral diseases such as Caries. Caries in pregnant women can induce dental pain with different intensities. The purpose of this study was to determine the caries experience and the level of caries-induced dental pain in pregnant women at the Garuda Community Health Centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional research with a consecutive sampling method. Determination of the number of samples was carried out with the Lemeshow formula, resulted in 50 pregnant women. Dental pain level was measured using the Verbal Rating Scale (VRS) with the assistance of PQRST mnemonics consisting of Palliative, Quality, Region, Subject and Temporal in the form of a questionnaire and examination of the DMF-T index. Results: The DMF-T value was 7.26, which was included in the low category. In addition, the percentage of the pain level of pregnant women were no pain in 30 individuals (60%), mild pain in 11 individuals (22%), moderate pain in 8 individuals (16%), and severe pain was only found in 1 pregnant woman (2%). Conclusions: The caries experience of pregnant women as measured by the DMF-T index, is in a low category, and most of them feel no caries-induced dental pain with low severity criteria.

Keywords: DMF-T index; caries; dental pain; pregnant women