Penggunaan indeks periapikal dalam menilai penyembuhan abses periapikal setelah perawatan saluran akar

Safitri Syifarani; Hendra Dian Adhita; Suhardjo Suhardjo

doi:10.24198/pjdrs.v7i1.40476

Penggunaan indeks periapikal dalam menilai penyembuhan abses periapikal setelah perawatan saluran akar

Safitri Syifarani, Hendra Dian Adhita, Suhardjo Suhardjo

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Penyembuhan abses periapikal dapat dilakukan dengan perawatan saluran akar untuk menghilangkan jaringan nekrotik dan sumber peradangan. Evaluasi penyembuhan yang tidak akurat mungkin saja terjadi contohnya ketika pasien yang sudah dinyatakan sembuh secara klinis ternyata belum dinyatakan sembuh secara gambaran histologi. Indeks periapikal atau Periapical Index (PAI) merupakan sistem skor untuk mengevaluasi penyembuhan lesi periapikal secara radiografi. Indeks ini terbukti dapat diandalkan karena telah tervalidasi secara histologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penyembuhan abses periapikal setelah perawatan saluran akar berdasarkan indeks periapikal. Metode: Jenis penelitian analitik observatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel yang digunakan berupa gambaran 24 gigi dari 20 arsip foto radiograf periapikal konvensional pada Instalasi PPDGS Konservasi Gigi RSGM Unpad Bandung periode April 2017 - November 2018. Indeks periapikal (PAI) digunakan untuk mengevaluasi penyembuhan pada foto radiograf diagnosis dan kontrol. Uji kalibrasi dilakukan oleh peneliti lalu diperiksa ulang oleh endodontis menghasilkan nilai Cohen kappa=1(perfect agreement). Hasil: Perbandingan antara penyembuhan abses periapikal sebelum dan setelah perawatan saluran akar memperlihatkan hasil yang sangat bermakna secara statistik dengan uji Wilcoxon matched pairs dimana nilai p-value < 0,05. Nilai p-value yang diperoleh yaitu 0,001 yang memiliki arti perawatan saluran akar memberikan dampak positif terhadap gigi dengan abses periapikal. Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan penyembuhan abses periapikal sebelum dan setelah perawatan saluran akar, perawatan saluran akar memberikan penyembuhan terhadap abses periapikal.

KATA KUNCI: perawatan saluran akar; indeks periapikal; abses periapical

Evaluation of periapical abscess healing after root canal treatment based on periapical index

ABSTRACT

Introduction: A periapical abscess can be healed through root canal treatment to remove necrotic tissue and sources of inflammation. Inaccurate evaluation of the healing may occur, for example, when a patient who has been declared cured clinically has not been declared cured histologically. The periapical index (PAI) is a scoring system to evaluate the healing of periapical lesions radiographically. This index has proven to be reliable because it has been validated histologically. This study aims to determine how to evaluate periapical abscess healing after root canal treatment based on the periapical index. Methods: This study used an observational analytic method with a cross-sectional approach. Samples of 24 teeth images were obtained from 20 archives of conventional periapical radiographs at the Dental Conservation Clinic, RSGM Unpad Bandung during the period of April 2017 - November 2018. The periapical index (PAI) was used to evaluate healing on the radiographs of diagnostic and control photos. The calibration test was conducted by the researcher and then re-examined by the endodontist, producing a value of Cohan kappa = 1 (perfect agreement). Results: The comparison of periapical abscess healing before and after root canal treatment showed highly statistically significant results with the Wilcoxon matched pairs test, where the p-value < 0.05. The p-value obtained was 0.0000000181, which means that root canal treatment has a positive impact on teeth with periapical abscesses. Conclusion: Root canal treatment provides healing for periapical abscesses.

KEY WORDS: endodontics, periapical index, periapical abscess

Keywords

Perawatan saluran akar; indeks periapikal; abses periapikal

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v7i1.40476