Efektivitas dan keamanan penggunaan probiotik terhadap mukositis oral yang diinduksi radiasi dan kemoterapi: Systematic review

Yuliana Yuliana; Tenny Setiani Dewi

doi:10.24198/pjdrs.v7i2.46400

Efektivitas dan keamanan penggunaan probiotik terhadap mukositis oral yang diinduksi radiasi dan kemoterapi: Systematic review

Yuliana Yuliana, Tenny Setiani Dewi

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Mukositis oral adalah inflamasi mukosa mulut yang terjadi karena radioterapi atau kemoterapi pada penatalaksanaan kanker kepala dan leher, yang dapat menimbulkan beberapa tanda dan gejala antara lain lesi dengan bentuk ulserasi, eritema, rasa nyeri, disfagia dan malnutrisi. Radioterapi dan kemoterapi merupakan pilihan selain pembedahan dalam penatalaksanaan kanker kepala dan leher. Pemberian probiotik (lactobacillus dan bifidobacterium) merupakan salah satu alternatif terapi dalam penatalaksanaan mukositis oral. Tujuan tinjauan sistematik ini adalah untuk menganalisis efektivitas dan keamanan penggunaan probiotik untuk menurunkan insidensi, rasa nyeri, dan derajat keparahan pada mukositis oral.Metode: Penulisan tinjauan sistematik ini mengikuti pedoman PRISMA. Pencarian artikel dengan menggunakan database elektronik yaitu PubMed, EBSCO, Science Direct, dan Scopus. Populasi pada tinjauan sistematik ini adalah pasien yang terdiagnosis kanker kepala dan leher yang mengalami mukositis oral setelah mendapatkan terapi radiasi. Didapatkan lima artikel yang memenuhi kriteria pencarian yaitu, jurnal dengan teks lengkap dalam bahasa inggris dan menggunakan metode penelitian Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). Hasil: Empat artikel menyatakan bahwa probiotik efektif dalam mengurangi tingkat insidensi terjadinya mukositis oral, rasa nyeri dan derajat keparahan mukositis oral melalui peningkatan imunitas pasien. Simpulan: Sebagian besar penelitian membuktikan penggunaan probiotik efektif dan aman dalam mengurangi insidensi, rasa nyeri, dan derajat keparahan pada mukositis oral.

KATA KUNCI: probiotik, lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, mukositis oral

The effectiveness and safety of probiotics for radiation and chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis: A Systematic Review

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Oral mucositis is inflammation of the oral mucosa that occurs due to radiotherapy or chemotherapy in the management of head and neck cancer and can cause several signs and symptoms, including ulcerated lesions, erythema, pain, dysphagia, and malnutrition. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are options besides surgery in the management of head and neck cancer. Administration of probiotics (lactobacillus and bifidobacterium) is an alternative therapy in the management of oral mucositis. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the effectiveness and safety of using probiotics to reduce the incidence, pain, and severity of oral mucositis. Method: The writing of this systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines. Article search using electronic databases, namely PubMed, EBSCO, Science Direct, and Scopus The population in this systematic review was comprised of patients diagnosed with head and neck cancer who developed oral mucositis following radiation therapy. Five articles were found that met the search criteria, namely, journals with full text in English and using the randomized controlled trial (RCT) research method. Results: Four articles stated that probiotics were effective in reducing the incidence, pain, and severity of oral mucositis by increasing the patient's immunity. Conclusion: Most studies prove the use of probiotics to be effective and safe in reducing the incidence, pain, and severity of oral mucositis.

KEY WORDS: probiotics, lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, oral mucositis

Keywords

probiotik, lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, mukositis oral, probiotics, lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, oral mucositis

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v7i2.46400