Efek berkumur menggunakan chlorine dioxideterhadap penurunan akumulasi plak: studi eksperimental

Alifah Halimah Ahmad, Meirina Gartika, Naninda Berliana Pratidina

Abstract


ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Plak gigi merupakan salah satu faktor penyebab terjadinya karies. Pengendalian plak secara kimiawi dilakukan menggunakan obat kumur. Obat kumur klorheksidin (CHX) dan chlorine dioxide (ClO2) membantu menurunkan plak pada permukaan gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan penurunan skor plak setelah penggunaan obat kumur ClOdan CHX. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan studi eksperimental acak terkontrol dan menyilang dua periode dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Penelitian dilakukan pada 30 siswa di SD Islam Bakti Asih Kabupaten Bandung yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Kelompok I diinstruksikan berkumur obat kumur ClOdan kelompok II diinstruksikan berkumur obat kumur CHX 0.2%, dua kali sehari selama tiga hari. setelah tujuh hari periode washed out, masing-masing kelompok menggunakan obat kumur yang berlawanan. Pengukuran skor plak dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah pemakaian obat kumur menggunakan indeks O’Leary. Uji reliabilitas antar rater menggunakan Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Uji kesepakatan antar rater didapatkan nilai ICC termasuk kategori baik (r=0.886, 95% confidence interval (CI)). Pengolahan data menggunakan uji t berpasangan dan uji t tidak berpasangan. Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan skor plak sebelum dan sesudah penggunaan obat kumur mengalami penurunan yang signifikan(p<0.05), namun tidak ada perbedaan penurunan skor plak yang signifikan antara penggunaan obat kumur ClOdan CHX (p=0.414). Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan skor plak sebelum dan sesudah penggunaan dari obat kumur ClOdan CHX serta tidak terdapat perbedaan penurunan skor plak antara penggunaan obat kumur ClOdan CHX. Obat kumur ClOdapat menjadi alternatif perawatan tambahan dalam penurunan plak pada anak.  

KATA KUNCI: obat kumur chlorine dioxide, klorheksidin, indeks plak, indeks O’Leary

Chlorine dioxide mouthwash effect in reducing plaque accumulation: a randomized controlled trial with two-period crossover study

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Dental plaque is one of the factors causing dental caries. Chemical plaque control is achieved through the use of mouthwash. Chlorhexidine (CHX) and chlorine dioxide (ClO2) mouth rinses help reduce plaque on tooth surface. This study aims to analyze the differences in plaque score reduction after using ClOand CHX mouthwash. Methods: This research utilized a randomized controlled crossover design with purposive sampling. The research was conducted on 30 students in grades 4-6 at SD Islam Bakti Asih Kabupaten Bandung, divided into two groups. Group I was instructed to rinse with ClOand Group II with 0.2% CHX, twice daily for three days. After a seven-day washout period, each group switched to the opposing mouthwash. Plaque scores were measured before and after mouth rinse use using the O’Leary index. Inter-rater reliability was tested using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC).  The result demonstrated that the ICC of all examiners was in good agreement (r=0.886, 95% confidence interval (CI)). Data were analyzed using paired t-tests and unpaired t-tests. Results: This research shows that plaque scores before and after using mouthwash decreased significantly (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in plaque scores reduction between ClOand CHX mouthwash (p=0.414). Conclusion: There was a difference in plaque scores before and after using ClOand CHX mouthwash, and there was no difference in reduced plaque scores between ClOand CHX mouthwash. ClOmouthwash could be an alternative additional treatment for reducing plaque in children.

KEY WORDS: chlorine dioxide mouthwash, chlorhexidine, plaque index, O’Leary index


Keywords


obat kumur chlorine dioxide, klorheksidin, indeks plak, indeks O’Leary, chlorine dioxide mouthwash, chlorhexidine, plaque index, O’Leary index

Full Text:

PDF

References


DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Alshammary FL, Mobarki AA, Alrashidi NF, Madfa AA. Association between different behavioral factors and dental caries among children attending the dental clinics in a sample from Saudi Arabia. BMC Oral Health. 2023;23(1):1–7. DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02849-8

Kemenkes RI. Kemenkes Tingkatkan Layanan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut Yang Aman Dari Penularan COVID-19. Jakarta: Indonesia. 2021. h.1.

Andayani LH, Gani Soulissa A, Lestari S. Dental and oral health status of elementary school children in Central Lampung. J Indones Dent Assoc. 2021;4(1):7–13. 10.32793/jida.v4i1.669

Susilawati S, Fadilah RPN, Monica G, Rahardjo A, Dewanto I, Jovina T, et al. Indonesian Oral Health Survey Implementation - National Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS) 2018. Indones Oral Heal Surv Implement - Natl Basic Heal Res 2018; 1(1): 1-106. DOI: 10.32793/monograph.v1i1.605

Mbawalla HS, Nyamuryekung'e KK, Mtaya-Mlangwa M, Masalu JR. Dental Caries Pattern Amongst Tanzanian Children: National Oral Health Survey. Int Dent J. 2023 Oct;73(5):731-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2023.03.008.

Melo P, Fine C, Malone S, Taylor S. Impact of the Brush Day & Night Programme on Well-Being, Plaque, and Dental Caries in Children. Int Dent J. 2021;71(Suppl 1):S15–30. DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2021.01.018.

Vyas T, Bhatt G, Gaur A, Sharma C, Sharma A, Nagi R. Chemical plaque control - A brief review. J Fam Med Prim Care. 2021;10(4):1562–8. DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2216_20

Riyanti E, Andisetyanto P, Pratidina NB, Primarti RS, Andiesta NS. The Effectiveness of Brushing The Teeth Using Two Shapes of Toothbrush. Padjadjaran J Dent. 2021;33(2):133–8. DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol33no2.34790

Alhathloul SM, Ali AHM. Effect of Using Mouthwash Solution on Commensal Flora of the Oral Cavity among Female Students in Qassim University. J Biosci Med. 2020;08(03):135–42. DOI: 10.4236/jbm.2020.83012

Kerémi B, Márta K, Farkas K, Czumbel LM, Tóth B, Szakács Z, et al. Effects of Chlorine Dioxide on Oral Hygiene - A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Curr Pharm Des. 2020;26(25):1–11. DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200515134450.

Renuka S, Np M. Comparison in Benefits of Herbal Mouthwashes With Chlorhexidine Mouthwash : a Review. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 2017;10(2):3–7. DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i2.13304

Kachoei M, Divband B, Dabaghi Tabriz F, Helali ZN, Esmailzadeh M. A comparative study of antibacterial effects of mouthwashes containing Ag/ZnO or ZnO nanoparticles with chlorhexidine and investigation of their cytotoxicity. Nanomed J. 2018;5(2):102–10. DOI: 10.22038/nmj.2018.005.007

Herczegh A, Csák B, Dinya E, Moldován A, Ghidán Á, Palcsó B, Lohinai ZM. Short- and long term antibacterial effects of a single rinse with different mouthwashes: A randomized clinical trial. Heliyon. 2023; 9(4): e15350. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15350.

Kale A, Mahale S, Sethi K, Karde P. Clinical and microbial comparative evaluation of 0.1% chlorine dioxide mouthwash versus 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash after periodontal surgery: A randomized clinical trial. Int J Innov Res Sci Eng Techno. 2020;5(6):935–9.

Yeturu SK, Acharya S, Urala AS, Pentapati KC. Effect of Aloe vera, chlorine dioxide, and chlorhexidine mouth rinses on plaque and gingivitis: A randomized controlled trial. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2016; 6(1): 54-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2015.08.008.

Siddeshappa ST, Bhatnagar S, Yeltiwar RK, Parvez H, Singh A, Banchhor S. Comparative evaluation of antiplaque and antigingivitis effects of an herbal and chlorine dioxide mouthwashes: A clinicomicrobiological study. Indian J Dent Res. 2018; 29(1): 34-40. DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_391_16.

Pham TAV, Nguyen NTX. Efficacy of chlorine dioxide mouthwash in reducing oral malodor: A 2-week randomized, double-blind, crossover study. Clin Exp Dent Res. 2018; 4(5): 206-15. DOI: 10.1002/cre2.131.

Yadav SR, Kini VV, Padhye A. Inhibition of Tongue Coat and Dental Plaque Formation by Stabilized Chlorine Dioxide Vs Chlorhexidine Mouthrinse: A Randomized, Triple Blinded Study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2015; 9(9): ZC69-74. DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2015/14587.6510.

Peredo-Lovillo A, Romero-Luna HE, Juárez-Trujillo N, Jiménez-Fernández M. Antimicrobial efficiency of chlorine dioxide and its potential use as anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent: mechanisms of action and interactions with gut microbiota. J Appl Microbiol. 2023; 134(7): lxad133. DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad133.

Polizzi E, Tetè G, Bova F, Pantaleo G, Gastaldi G, Capparè P, et al. Antibacterial properties and side effects of chlorhexidinebased mouthwashes. A prospective, randomized clinical study. J Osseointegration. 2020;12(1):2–7. DOI: 10.23805/JO.2019.12.01.20

Jothika M, Vanajassun PP, Someshwar B. Effectiveness of probiotic, chlorhexidine and fluoride mouthwash against Streptococcus mutans - Randomized, single-blind, in vivo study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2015; 5(Suppl 1):S44-8. DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.156153.

Cieplik F, Jakubovics NS, Buchalla W, Maisch T, Hellwig E, Al-Ahmad A. Resistance Toward Chlorhexidine in Oral Bacteria - Is There Cause for Concern? Front Microbiol. 2019; 10: 587. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00587.

Shetty DNJ, Dr. David .K DD. ., Dr. Kamala D. N DKDN, Shenoy DR. Comparative study of a stabilized 0.1% chlorine dioxide with 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthrinse in inhibiting the formation of volatile sulphur compounds (VSC). Indian J Appl Res. 2013;3(12):424–7. DOI: 10.15373/2249555X/DEC2013/129




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v8i2.54132

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


       

      

  

Statistik Pengunjung

Creative Commons License
Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students dilisensikan di bawah Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License