Analisis pengaruh pH saliva dan indeks plak terhadap kejadian karies pada anak sekolah dengan gigi bercampur: Studi observasional

Morita Sari; Fauzia Varianziana; Gita Alivia Ananda

doi:10.24198/pjdrs.v9i2.63052

Analisis pengaruh pH saliva dan indeks plak terhadap kejadian karies pada anak sekolah dengan gigi bercampur: Studi observasional

Morita Sari, Fauzia Varianziana, Gita Alivia Ananda

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Periode gigi bercampur adalah periode gigi yang menentukan keberlanjutan keadaan kesehatan gigi permanen selanjutnya. Anak-anak yang berada pada usia sekolah dasar antara 6-12 tahun serta mempunyai kecenderungan menyukai hal-hal baru namun juga mudah mengadopsi kebiasaan jelek yaitu kebiasaan jajan makanan dan minuman ringan. Periode gigi bercampur rentan oleh faktor predisposisi karies dimana secara histologis email gigi permanen masih muda. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor predisposisi karies pada pH saliva dan Indeks plak menggunakan regresi analisis. Metode: penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan cross sectional study design. Teknik purposive sampling digunakan untuk mengambil 90 sampel kemudian sampel diberi perlakuan untuk perhitungan angka karies (DMF-T/def-t) pengambilan regimen saliva dan pengukuran Indeks plak. Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar DMF-T/def-t dan lembar pengukuran indeks plak. Analisis data menggunakan software statistik SPSS dengan uji analisis regresi bivariabel. Hasil: Faktor pH saliva memiliki koefisien predictor (β) = [-] 2,493, koefisien determinasi (r²)= 0,492 dan ρ value: 0,001 kemudian untuk faktor Indeks plak memiliki koefisien predictor (β) = [+] 0,985 koefisien determinasi (r²)= 0,158 dan ρ value=0,001. Interpretasinya bahwa setiap satu unit kenaikan dari pH saliva akan menurunkan angka karies sebesar 2,493 dan setiap satu unit kenaikan dari Indeks plak akan menaikkan angka karies sebesar 0,985, dari koefisien determinasi menunjukkan 49,2% karies terjadi karena faktor pH saliva dan 15,8% disebabkan oleh Indeks plak. Simpulan: Murid-murid dengan gigi bercampur rentan terhadap faktor-faktor predisposisi karies yang dapat mempengaruhi penurunan pH saliva dan kenaikan Indeks plak.

KATA KUNCI: Faktor predisposisi, pH saliva, Indeks plak, kejadian karies, gigi bercampur.

Analysis of predisposition factors for caries incidence in school children with mixed dentition: Study observasional

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The mixed dentition period is a period of teeth that determines the sustainability of the health of permanent teeth. Children are between 6-12 years old at elementary school and tend to like new things but also easily adopt bad habits, such as snacking and drinking soft drinks. Therefore, the mixed dentition period is susceptible to caries predisposition factors where the permanent tooth enamel is still young histologically. This study aimed to determine the caries predisposition factors focusing on salivary pH and plaque index using regression analysis. Methods: This study is an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The purposive sampling technique was used to take samples, then the samples were given treatment for calculating caries rates (DMF-T / def-t), taking saliva regimens, and measuring plaque index. Data analysis used SPSS statistical software with regression analysis. Results: Salivary pH factor has a predictor coefficient (β) = [-] 2.493, determination coefficient (r²)= 0.492 and ρ value: 0.000 then for the plaque index factor has a predictor coefficient (β) = [+] 0.985 determination coefficient (r²) = 0.158 and ρ value = 0.000. The interpretation is that every one-unit increase in salivary pH will decrease the caries rate by 2.493 and every one-unit increase in plaque index will increase the caries rate by 0.985, from the determination coefficient shows 49.2% caries occurs due to salivary pH factor and 15.8% is caused by plaque index. Conclusion: Students with mixed teeth at SDN Mojosongo VI Surakarta are susceptible to predisposition factors that can affect the decrease in salivary pH and increase in plaque index.

KEY WORDS: Faktor predisposisi, pH saliva, Indeks plak, kejadian karies, gigi bercampur.

Keywords

Faktor predisposisi, pH saliva, Indeks plak, kejadian karies, gigi bercampur, Faktor predisposisi, pH saliva, Indeks plak, kejadian karies, gigi bercampur.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v9i2.63052