The relationship between blood type and the incidence of caries influenced by saliva ph in dental students: Study cross-sectional

Nola Ariani, Ricky Amran

Abstract


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Caries is a chronic disease of the oral cavity characterized by demineralization of dental tissue and damage to the organic components of teeth, resulting in tooth decay. Environmental factors such as dental plaque, diet, and oral hygiene are considered the main etiological factors, so most studies focus on these factors. However, genetic factors such as blood type are thought to play a role in an individual's susceptibility to dental caries. This study aims to determine the relationship between blood type and the incidence of caries influenced by saliva pH Methods: This quantitative study used an analytical survey approach with a cross-sectional design. The research was conducted at Baiturrahmah University, Padang, from November to December 2025, involving 160 participants selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected from blood type records and clinical examinations of dental caries and salivary pH. Univariate analysis was presented in the form of frequency and percentage distributions, while bivariate analysis used the chi-square test and logistic regression. Data processing was performed using the IBM SPSS version 26.0 software. Results: Blood type B has the highest percentage of DMF-T seen from the very high category (17.9%) compared to other blood types. In addition, blood type O has the highest percentage of neutral salivary pH (95.3%). Conclusion: There is a relationship between blood type and saliva pH, there is a relationship between blood type and the incidence of caries, and the most influential factor on the incidence of caries in dental students at Baiturrahmah University is saliva pH.

KEY WORDS: caries incidence, blood type, salivary pH, dental students, cross-sectional study

Hubungan golongan darah terhadap kejadian karies yang dipengaruhi pH saliva pada mahasiswa pendidikan dokter gigi: Studi cross-sectional

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Karies merupakan penyakit kronis pada rongga mulut yang ditandai dengan demineralisasi jaringan gigi serta kerusakan komponen organik gigi, sehingga menyebabkan kerusakan pada gigi. Faktor lingkungan seperti plak gigi, diet, dan kebersihan mulut dianggap sebagai faktor etiologi utama, sehingga sebagian besar penelitian lebih banyak berfokus pada faktor-faktor tersebut. Namun, faktor genetik seperti golongan darah diduga berperan dalam kerentanan individu terhadap karies. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan golongan darah terhadap kejadian karies yang dipengaruhi ph saliva. Tujuan umum pada penelitian ini yaitu bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan golongan darah terhadap kejadian karies yang dipengaruhi ph saliva pada mahasiswa pendidikan dokter gigi universitas baiturrahmah padang. Tujuan penelitian menganalisis hubungan antara golongan darah terhadap saliva dan Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara saliva terhadap karies. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis survei analitik menggunakan desain cross sectional. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Universitas Baiturrahmah Padang pada bulan November–Desember 2025 dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 160 responden yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pendataan golongan darah serta pemeriksaan karies gigi dan pH saliva. Analisis univariat disajikan dalam bentuk distribusi frekuensi dan persentase, sedangkan analisis bivariat dilakukan menggunakan uji chi-square dan regresi logistik. Hasil: Golongan darah B memiliki persentase DMF-T tertinggi dilihat dari kategori sangat tinggi (17,9%) dibandingkan golongan darah lain. Selain itu, golongan darah O memiliki persentase pH saliva netral tertinggi (95,3%). Simpulan: Adanya hubungan antara golongan darah terhadap pH saliva, terdapat hubungan antara golongan darah terhadap kejadian karies dan faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kejadian karies pada mahasiswa pendidikan dokter gigi universitas baiturrahmah adalah pH saliva. 

KATA KUNCI: kejadian karies, golongan darah, pH saliva, mahasiswa kedokteran gigi, studi cross-sectional


Keywords


kejadian karies, golongan darah, pH saliva, mahasiswa kedokteran gigi, studi cross-sectional, Caries incidence, blood type, salivary pH, dental students, cross-sectional study

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v10i1.69510

DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v10i1.69510.g27448

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