SMART MARITIME GOVERNANCE DALAM TATA KELOLA WILAYAH KEPULAUAN: STUDI KASUS PROVINSI KEPULAUAN RIAU
Abstrak
Tata kelola maritim di Provinsi Kepulauan Riau menghadapi tantangan struktural akibat karakter wilayah kepulauan yang tersebar, ketimpangan infrastruktur digital antara wilayah pusat dan wilayah kepulauan terluar, serta belum optimalnya integrasi kebijakan dan layanan maritim lintas sektor. Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan perlunya pendekatan Smart Maritime Governance yang mampu mengintegrasikan pemanfaatan teknologi digital dengan kebutuhan tata kelola maritim yang adaptif dan kolaboratif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi Smart Maritime Governance dalam tata kelola maritim Provinsi Kepulauan Riau, dengan fokus pada kesiapan infrastruktur digital antarwilayah, peran aktor kelembagaan, serta peluang dan hambatan dalam integrasi layanan dan pengambilan keputusan kebijakan maritim. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif melalui wawancara mendalam, studi dokumen kebijakan, dan observasi lapangan untuk menggali dinamika kebijakan dan kesiapan kelembagaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesiapan digital antarwilayah masih timpang, terutama antara wilayah pusat pertumbuhan dan kabupaten kepulauan terluar, yang berdampak pada belum optimalnya integrasi layanan maritim dan sistem informasi berbasis data. Selain itu, partisipasi masyarakat pesisir dalam perencanaan dan pengawasan sumber daya laut masih bersifat prosedural. Meskipun demikian, terdapat peluang penguatan tata kelola melalui pemanfaatan data spasial maritim, peningkatan kapasitas sumber daya manusia, dan pengembangan mekanisme kolaborasi lintas aktor. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penerapan Smart Maritime Governance memerlukan pendekatan kebijakan yang adaptif, kolaboratif, dan berbasis karakteristik wilayah kepulauan agar tata kelola maritim dapat berjalan secara efektif dan berkelanjutan.
Maritime governance in the Riau Archipelago Province faces structural challenges arising from its dispersed archipelagic geography, disparities in digital infrastructure between core growth areas and outer islands, and limited integration of cross-sectoral maritime policies and services. These conditions highlight the need for a Smart Maritime Governance approach that integrates digital technologies with adaptive and collaborative maritime governance arrangements. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Smart Maritime Governance in the maritime governance of the Riau Archipelago Province, focusing on interregional digital readiness, institutional actor involvement, and the opportunities and constraints in integrating maritime services and policy decision-making processes. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed through in-depth interviews, policy document analysis, and field observations to examine policy dynamics and institutional readiness. The findings indicate that digital readiness remains uneven across regions, particularly between central urban areas and outer island districts, which constrains the integration of maritime services and data-driven governance systems. In addition, community participation in coastal and marine resource planning and monitoring remains largely procedural. Nevertheless, opportunities exist to strengthen maritime governance through the utilization of maritime spatial data, enhancement of human resource capacity, and the development of cross-actor collaborative mechanisms. This study concludes that effective implementation of Smart Maritime Governance requires adaptive, collaborative, and context-sensitive policy strategies that align with the specific characteristics of archipelagic regions.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/responsive.v8i4.68131
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