DESENTRALISASI DAN SOLIDARITAS GLOBAL: ANALISIS EXTINCTION REBELLION MENDORONG INTERNASIONALISME BARU DALAM PERSPEKTIF TEORI GERAKAN SOSIAL

Miqyas Robbany

Abstrak


Krisis iklim global mendorong munculnya berbagai gerakan sosial yang menuntut perubahan sistemik dalam kebijakan lingkungan dan ekonomi global. Salah satu gerakan yang menonjol dalam konteks ini adalah Extinction Rebellion (XR), sebuah gerakan sosial global yang berfokus pada isu perubahan iklim, keanekaragaman hayati, dan kerusakan ekosistem. Tulisan ini menganalisis bagaimana XR membangun solidaritas global dan mendorong new internationalism melalui perspektif teori gerakan sosial baru (new social movement theory). Pendekatan ini tampak dalam cara XR mengorganisasi aksi kolektif yang terbuka dan adaptif di berbagai konteks lokal, sehingga memungkinkan terbentuknya solidaritas lintas negara tanpa bergantung pada koordinasi terpusat. Struktur XR yang fleksibel memungkinkan adaptasi terhadap konteks lokal di berbagai negara, sekaligus mempertahankan visi global tentang keadilan lingkungan. Gerakan ini juga membangun jaringan solidaritas dengan organisasi lain seperti Fridays for Future dan Greenpeace, memperkuat legitimasi serta dampak aksi mereka. Dengan pendekatan inovatif, XR berhasil menciptakan norma global baru terkait darurat iklim dan aksi kolektif berbasis partisipasi demokratis. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa XR merupakan model gerakan sosial modern yang mampu menggerakkan masyarakat global untuk memperjuangkan keberlanjutan dan keadilan lingkungan.

 

The global climate crisis has spurred the emergence of various social movements demanding systemic changes in global environmental and economic policies. One prominent movement in this context is Extinction Rebellion (XR), a global social movement focused on climate change, biodiversity, and ecosystem degradation. This paper analyzes how XR builds global solidarity and promotes new internationalism through the perspective of new social movement theory. This approach is evident in the way XR organizes open and adaptive collective action across local contexts, enabling the formation of cross-border solidarity without relying on centralized coordination. XR's flexible structure allows for adaptation to local contexts across countries, while maintaining a global vision of environmental justice. The movement also builds solidarity networks with other organizations such as Fridays for Future and Greenpeace, strengthening the legitimacy and impact of its actions. With its innovative approach, XR has succeeded in creating new global norms regarding the climate emergency and collective action based on democratic participation. This study demonstrates that XR is a model of a modern social movement capable of mobilizing global communities to fight for sustainability and environmental justice


Kata Kunci


Extinction Rebellion, gerakan sosial baru, solidaritas global, krisis iklim, internasionalisme baru.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/responsive.v8i4.69278

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