Okupasi Perkebunan Dan Masyarakat Hukum Adat: Studi Keberlanjutan Sumber Penghidupan (Livelihood) Komunitas Adat Sendi, Mojokerto Jawa Timur

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Partisipasi warga adat dalam demokrasi Indonesia dan konstruksi republik bersumber kepada perlindungan ketersediaan basis material berupa sumber pangan alami yang menjamin keberlanjutan dan tradisi adat, sehingga diperlukan upaya proteksi terhadap warga adat yang melakukan akses terhadap sumber daya hutan karena sumber penghidupan yang bersifat agro-forestry dan subsistensi pemungut hasil hutan. Studi observasi-partisipan ini bertujuan untuk mengamati praktik subsistensi yang masih tersisa. Dengan aksi konservasi sumber penghidupan, komunitas ini berupaya membuktikan bahwa terdapat relasi subsistensi melalui rekognisi hukum adat Sendi yang meliputi keseimbangan kebutuhan materiil dan spirituil. Identifikasi Sustainable Livelihood (Keberlanjutan) Approach (SLA) kami mencatat bahwa praktik subsistensi dan gotong-royong dalam merancang wisata lokal merupakan kekuatan komunitas adat Sendi yang terhubung dari hulu (upstream) menuju hilir (downstream), sekaligus tindakan ramah lingkungan menggunakan hasil hutan secara natural. Hasil studi menunjukkan fenomena okupasi dalam relasi komunitas dengan kebijakan negara, berupa peralihan hutan alami menjadi kawasan hutan tanaman industri dengan berbagai tipe komoditi perkebunan menyebabkan komunitas adat Sendi semakin subsisten. Hal ini mengimplikasikan aktor komunitas adat Sendi semakin menyadari area hutan alami sebagai ruang eksistensi yang senantiasa bertumbuh berlandaskan memorial spirit. Hasil analisis teori akses mengilustrasikan bahwa akses pengetahuan menjadi landasan eksistensial dan fleksibilitas komunitas dalam perubahan sosial.

Kata Kunci: Komunitas Adat, Okupasi Perkebunan, Sumber Penghidupan.

ABSTRACT

The participation of indigenous peoples in Indonesian democracy and the construction of the republic is based on the protection of the availability of a material base in the form of natural food sources that ensure the sustainability and customary traditions, so it is necessary to protect indigenous peoples who have access to forest resources because of the source of livelihoods that are agroforestry and the subsistence of forest as foragers. This participant-observation study aims to observe the remaining subsistence practices. The action of conserving livelihoods, this community seeks to prove that there is a subsistence relationship through the recognition of Sendi customary law which includes a balance of material and spiritual needs. Our Sustainable Livelihood Approach (SLA) identification noted that subsistence practices and mutual cooperation in designing local tourism are the strengths of the Sendi indigenous community that are connected from upstream to downstream, as well as environmentally friendly actions using natural forest products. The study results show that the phenomenon of occupation in the community's relationship with state policy, in the form of the conversion of natural forests into industrial plantation forest areas with various types of plantation commodities, has caused the Sendi indigenous community to become increasingly subsistence. This implies that the actors of the Sendi indigenous community are increasingly aware of the natural forest area as a sphere for existence that grows based on the memorial spirit. The results of the access theory analysis illustrate that access to knowledge is the existential basis and flexibility of the community in social change.

Keywords: Indigenous Community, Livelihoods, Occupation of Plantations.