PENGARUH TRANSFER MODAL MANUSIA ANTARGENERASI TERHADAP MOBILITAS PENDAPATAN ANTARGENERASI  DI INDONESIA

Ari Purbowati

doi:10.24198/sosiohumaniora.v20i1.10667

PENGARUH TRANSFER MODAL MANUSIA ANTARGENERASI TERHADAP MOBILITAS PENDAPATAN ANTARGENERASI DI INDONESIA

Ari Purbowati

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur mobilitas pendapatan antargenerasi dan melihat pengaruh transfer modal manusia antargenerasi terhadap mobilitas pendapatan antargenerasi di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan adalah pasangan bapak dan anak yang bersumber dari IFLS periode 2000 sampai 2014. Dengan menggunakan metode 2SLS diketahui bahwa modal manusia secara langsung diturunkan dari orang tua kepada anaknya. Elastisitas pendapatan antargenerasi (IGE) meningkat dari 0.118 menjadi 0.151 ketika transfer langsung modal manusia diperhitungkan. Dengan kata lain transfer langsung modal manusia memperkuat IGE Hal ini memberikan indikasi bahwa ketika pengembangan modal manusia anak diserahkan sepenuhnya kepada keputusan rumah tangga, maka kesenjangan pendapatan yang terjadi pada generasi orang tua akan cenderung diwariskan atau dipertahankan kepada generasi anak.

Keywords

mobilitas pendapatan antargenerasi, elastisitas pendapatan antargenerasi, IGE, modal manusia, pendidikan, transfer langsung, Klasifikasi JEL: I24, I25, J24

Full Text:

PDF

References

Becker, G.S. (1993). Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis with special reference to education. University of Chicago Press.

Becker, G.S. & Tomes, N. (1979). An equilibrium theory of the distribution of income and intergenerational mobility. Journal of Political Economy 87 (6), 1153-1189.

Becker, G.S., Kominers, S. D., Murphy, K.M., & Spenkuch, J.L. (2015). A Theory of Intergenerational Mobility. mimeographed, University of Chicago.

Behrman, J, & Taubman, P. (1990). The intergenerational correlation between children’s adult earnings and their parent’s income: Results from the michigan panel survey of income dynamics. Review of Income and Wealth, 36 (2), 115-127.

Barrett, C.B. & Bevis, L.E. (2015). Decomposing Intergenerational Income Elasticity: The Gender-diﬀerentiated Contribution of Capital Transmission in Rural Philippines. World Development Vol. 74, 233-252.

Barrett, C.B. & Naschold, F. (2011). Do short-term observed income changes overstate structural economic mobility? Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 73(5), 705–717.

Björklund, A. & Jäntti, M. (1997). Intergenerational income mobility in Sweden compared to the United. American Economic Review, 1009-1018.

Björklund, A. & Jäntti, M. (2009). Intergenerational income mobility and the role of family background. in The Oxford Handbook of Economic Inequality.

Björklund, A., Roine, J. & Waldenström, D. (2012). Intergenerational top income mobility in Sweden: Capitalist dynasties in the land of equal opportunity? Journal of Public Economics, 96, 474-484.

Black, S.E, & Devereux, P.J. (2010). Recent Developments in Intergenerational Mobility. NBER working paper.

Blanden, J. (2013). Cross-country rankings in inter-generational mobility: A comparison of approaches from economics and sociology. Journal of Economic Surveys, 27(1), 38-73.

Blanden, J., Haveman, R., Smeeding, T. & Wilson, K. (2014). Intergenerational Mobility in The United States and Great Britain : A Comparative Study of Parent-Child Pathways. Review of Income and Wealth 60(3), 425-449.

Corak, M. (2013). Income inequality, equality of opportunity, and intergenerational mobility. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 27(3), 79-102.

Corak, M, & Heisz, A. (1999). The intergenerational earnings and income mobility of Canadian men: Evidence from longitudinal income tax data. Journal of Human Resources, 34(3), 504-533.

Gong, H., Leigh, A, & Meng, X. (2012). Inter-generational Income Mobility in Urban China. Review of Income and Wealth, 58(3), 481-503.

Haider, S, & Solon , G. (2006). Life-cycle variation in the association between current and lifetime earnings. American Economic Review 96(4), 1308-1320.

Herrington, C.M. (2015). Public education financing, earnings inequality, and intergenerational mobility. Review of Economic Dynamics, 18(4), 822–842.

Hertz, T. & Jayasundera, T. (2007). School Construction and Intergenerational in Indonesia. Department of Economics, American University Working Paper Series No. 2007-18.

Hertz, T., Jayasundera, T., Piraino, P., Selcuk, S., Smith, N, & Verashchagina, A. (2007). The Inheritance of Educational Inequality: International Comparisons and Fifty-Year Trends. The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, Vol 7(2), Article 10.

Lindquist, M. & Bohlmark, A.(2006). Life-cycle variations in the association between current and lifetime income: Replication and extension for Sweden. Journal of Labor Economics 24(4), 879-896.

Mazumder, B. (2005). Fortunate sons: New estimates of intergenerational mobility in the United States using social security earnings data. Review of Economics and Statistics, 87(2), 235-255.

Osterbacka, E. (2001). Family background and economic status in Finland. The Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 103(3), 467–484.

Piraino, P. (2015). Intergenerational Earnings Mobility and Equality of Opportunity in South Africa. World Development Vol. 67, 396–405.

Qin, X., Wang, T, & Zhuang, C.C. (2016). Intergenerational transfer of human capital and its impact on income mobility : Evidence from China. China Economic Review 38, 306-321.

Senoaji, G. (2011). Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Sekitar Hutan Lindung Bukit Daun di Bengkulu. Sosiohumaniora, Vol. 13, No. 1, 1-17.

Solon, G. (1992). Intergenerational Income Mobility in the United States. The American Economic Review, Vol. 82, No. 3, 393-408.

Solon, G. (2002). Cross-country differences in intergenerational earnings mobility. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 16(3), 59-66.

Tain, A., (2013). Faktor Dominan Penyebab Kemiskinan Rumah Tangga Nelayan Motor Tempel di Wilayah Tangkap Lebih Jawa Timur. Sosiohumaniora, Vol. 15, No. 1, 35-44.

Wang, M. & Li, Z., Liu, L., (2014). Intergenerational income mobility and public education spending: Evidence from China. Children and Youth Services Review, 40, 89–97.

Yuan, W. (2015). The Sins of the Fathers: Intergenerational Income Mobility in China. The Review of Income and Wealth.

Zimmerman, D. (1992). Regression toward Mediocrity in Economic Stature. The American Economic Review, 82(3), 409-429.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/sosiohumaniora.v20i1.10667