ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE PREVENTION IN INDONESIA

Ani Agus Puspawati, Bambang Utoyo, Yudha Suchmasasi

Abstract


The goal of the 2004 Law Number 23 on the Elimination of Domestic Violence is to end domestic violence in all of its manifestations. Cases of domestic abuse surged eightfold or by 792 per cent. The purpose of this research is to examine how domestic abuse prevention initiatives are being carried out in Indonesia. A qualitative descriptive literature review is the methodology used. This research shows that community outreach and education are two ways that prevention may be implemented, including a variety of stakeholders. Policy goals may be supported by providing chances for non-implementing agency actors to engage in policy implementation. In order to sustain stakeholder commitment, enhance the ability of implementing officers to undertake education, lessen sectoral ego, and promote stakeholders' comprehension of policy aims, coordination between stakeholders must enhance integrated collaboration and communication. The availability of human resources is one of the elements that impact a policy or program's implementation and success. Incompetent or underqualified policy implementers may be the cause of a policy's lacklustre execution. The reason that the community does not always recognize the Law on the Elimination of Domestic Violence is partly due to the variety of cultural values and social behaviours. It becomes more difficult to create strict and unambiguous standards the more diverse the services offered, the more diverse the conduct that is governed. As a result, it is advised to optimize preventative initiatives by fortifying family dynamics, improving cooperation with non-governmental organizations in the field of education, and putting digital anti-violence campaigns into action. The effectiveness of policy implementation depends on all policy implementers including the prevention of domestic violence into their work.

Keywords


domestic violence; policy implementation; prevention

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abdullah, M. (2019). Rumah Aman Bagi Korban Kekerasa dalam Rumah Tangga Terhadap Perempuan Di Aceh (Studi Kasus P2TP2A Provinsi Aceh). Jurnal Dusturiah, 9(2), 179–209.

Ade, I. S., & Dessy, H. S. (2017). Menyoroti Budaya Patriarki Di Indonesia. Share : Social Work Journal, 7(1), 1–129. https://doi.org/10.24198/share.v7i1.1382.

Amanda, S., & Simatupang, D. P. (2019). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Perempuan Korban Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga Di Tangerang Selatan. Indonesia Constitutional Law Journal, 3(1), 35–68.

Aulia, S. (2019). Penanganan Kasus Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT) oleh Badan Keluarga Berencana Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dan Pemberdayaan Perempuan (BKBPMPP) Di Kabupaten Sleman. University of Bengkulu Law Journal, 4(2), 152–170.

Badan Diklat Kejaksaan. (2019). Modul penghapusan kekerasan dalam rumah tangga. Badan Diklat Kejaksaan RI.

Badruzaman, D. (2020). Keadilan Dan Kesetaraan Gender Untuk Para Perempuan Korban Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT). Tahkim (Jurnal Peradaban Dan Hukum Islam), 3(1), 103–124. https://doi.org/10.29313/tahkim.v3i1.5558

Barnawi, F. H. (2015). Prevalence and Risk Factors of Domestic Violence Against Women Attending a Primary Care Center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 32(8), 1171–1186. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260515587669

Benn, S., Abratt, R., & O’Leary, B. (2016). Defining and identifying stakeholders: Views from management and stakeholders. South African Journal of Business Management, 47(2), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v47i2.55

BKKBN. (2017). Penanaman dan Penerapan Karakter Melalui 8 Fungsi Keluarga. In Badan Kependudukan dan Keluarga Berencana Nasional.

Bourgault, S., Peterman, A., & O’Donnell, M. (2021). Violence Against Women and Children During COVID-19 — One Year On and 100 Papers In: A Fourth Research Round Up. In Center for Global Development (Issue April, pp. 1–10).

Chandan, J. S., Taylor, J., Bradbury-Jones, C., Nirantharakumar, K., Kane, E., & Bandyopadhyay, S. (2020). COVID-19: a public health approach to manage domestic violence is needed. The Lancet Public Health, 5(6), e309. https://doi. org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30112-2

Creswell, J. W. (2016). Research Design Pendekatan Metode Kualitatif, Kuantitatif dan Campuran (Edisi 4). Pustaka Pelajar.

Devries, K. M., Mak, J. Y. T., García-Moreno, C., Petzold, M., Child, J. C., Falder, G., Lim, S., Bacchus, L. J., Engell, R. E., Rosenfeld, L., Pallitto, C., Vos, T., Abrahams, N., & Watts, C. H. (2013). The Global Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women. Science, 340(6140), 1527–1528. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1240937

Dwinugroho, Y. B., Mulyadi, L., & Raharja, S. (2018). Peran Perpolisian Masyarakat dalam Menangani Masalah Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga Guna Terwujudnya Perlindungan Hukum. Kajian Hasil Penelitian Hukum, 2(2), 391–410.

Dwiyanti, W. (2015). Kebijakan Penanggulangan Kejahatan Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga di Manado. Journal Lex Crimen, IV(4), 22–29.

Eleanora, F. N., & Putri, E. A. (2020). Telaah Kritis Upaya Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga. Borneo Law Review Journal, 4(1), 21–30. http://180.250.193.171/index.php/bolrev/article/viewFile/1395/953

Erawati, E., Triredjeki, H., Sunarmi, Isworo, A., & Sarwono, B. (2018). The Domestic Violence Screening Through The Empowerment of Mental Health Cadres. International Journal of Indonesian Society and Culture, 10(2), 220–224. https://doi.org/10.15294/komunitas.v10i2.12542

Evans, M. L., Lindauer, M., & Farrell, M. (2020). A Pandemic within a Pandemic — Intimate Partner Violence during Covid-19. The New England Journal of Medicine, 383, 2302–2304. https://doi.org/10.1056/ NEJMp2024046

Fazel, S., Smith, E. N., Chang, Z., & Geddes, J. R. (2018). Risk factors for interpersonal violence: an umbrella review of meta- analyses. British Journal of Psychiatry, 213(4), 609–614. https://doi.org/10.1192/ bjp.2018.145

Firdaus, E. (2014). Implementasi Undang- Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2004 tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga di Kota Batam. Jurnal Hukum Ius Quia Iustum, 21(1), 139–154. https://doi.org/10.20885/iustum.vol21.iss1.art8

Gerino, E., Angela, M. C., Lorenzo, C., Brustia, P., & Luca, R. (2018). Intimate Partner Violence in the Golden Age: Systematic Review of Risk and Protective Factors. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1595. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01595

Grindle, M. (1980). Politics and Policy Implementation in The Third World. PrincentonUniversity Pres.

Gulati, G., & Kelly, B. D. (2020). Domestic violence against women and the COVID-19 pandemic: What is the role of psychiatry? International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 71, 101594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2020.101594

Handayaningrat, S. (1984). Pengantar Studi Ilmu Administrasi dan Manajemen. Gunung Agung.

Hasanah, H. (2013). Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan Dan Anak Dalam Rumah Tangga Perspektif Pemberitaan Media. Jurnal SAWWA, 9(1), 159–178.

Hayward, A. R., Honegger, L., & Hammock, A. C. (2018). Risk and protective factors for family violence among low-Income fathers: Implications for violence prevention and fatherhood programs. Social Work (United States), 63(1), 57–65. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/swx053

Hegarty, K., Hindmarsh, E. D., & Gilles, M. T. (2000). Domestic Violence in Australia: Definition, Prevalence and Nature of Presentation in Clinical Practice. Medicine and the Community, 173(7), 363–367.

Herdiansah, A. G. (2016). Peran Organisasi Masyarakat (Ormas) Dan Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat (Lsm) Dalam Menopang Pembangunan Di Indonesia. Sosioglobal : Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Penelitian Sosiologi, 1(1), 49–67. https://doi.org/10.24198/jsg.v1i1.11185

Igbolekwu, C. O., Arusukwu, O., Nwogu, J. N., Rasak, B., Asamu, F., & Osueke, N. O. (2021). Domestic Violence against Women in the Nigerian Rural Context. Journal of International Women’s Studies, 22(1), 226–245.

Iob, E., Steptoe, A., & Fancourt, D. (2020). Abuse, Self-harm and Suicidal Ideation in the UK During the COVID-19 Pandemic. British Journal of Psychiatry, 217(4), 543–546. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2020.130

Iskandar, D. (2016). Upaya Penanggulangan Terjadinya Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga. Jurnal Yustisi, 3(2), 13–22.

Jaftoran, F., & Alputila, M. J. (2019). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Perempuan Sebagai Korban Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga Ditinjau dari Undang-Undang No.23 Tahun 2004 Tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga. Jurnal Restorative Justice, 2(2), 164–174

Julijanto, M., Anwaruddin, Lisma, & Damayanti, M. (2018). Penyuluhan Hukum Pencegahan Tindak Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga di Kopen RT 03 RW 07 Ngadirejo Kartasura. Annual Conference on Comunity Engagement, 209–217.

Kemenkes RI. (2012). Pedoman Pengendalian Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. http://www.p2ptm.kemkes. go.i d/ dokum e n-pt m / pe dom a n- pengendalian-kekerasan-dalam-rumah- tangga

Kementerian PPA. (2019). Kasus Meningkat, Kemen PPPA Ajak Milenial Cegah KDRT. https://www.kemenpppa.go.id/index.php/ page/read/29/2089/kasus-meningkat- kemen-pppa-ajak-milenial-cegah-kdrt

Khatimah, H. (2018). Posisi Dan Peran Media Dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat. Tasamuh, 16(1), 119–138. https://doi.org/10.20414/ tasamuh.v16i1.548

Kismartini, & Yusuf, M. (2015). Stakeholders Analysis: Managing Coastal Policy Implementation in Rembang District. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 23, 338–345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. proenv.2015.01.049

Komnas Perempuan. (2020). Kekerasan meningkat: Kebijakan penghapusan kekerasan seksual untuk membangun ruang aman bagi perempuan dan anak perempuan. In Catahu: Catatan tahunan tentang kekerasan terhadap perempuan. https://www.komnasperempuan.go.id/file/ pdf_file/2020/Catatan Tahunan Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan 2020.pdf

Komnas Perempuan. (2021). Catatan Tahunan Komnas Perempuan Tahun 2020. 1–5.

Kurniawati, E. (2011). Faktor Penyebab Terjadinya Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga dan Upaya Penanggulangannya (Suatu Tinjauan Kriminologis). Jurnal Hukum Jatiswara, 26(3), 75–97.

LeMoult, J., Humphreys, K. L., Tracy, A., Hoffmeister, J. A., Ip, E., & Gotlib, I. H. (2020). Meta-analysis: Exposure to Early Life Stress and Risk for Depression in Childhood and Adolescence. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 59(7), 842–855. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2019.10.011

Lloyd, M. (2018). Domestic violence and education: Examining the impact of domestic violence on young children, children, and young people and the potential role of schools. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1–11. https://doi. org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02094

Mahfud, M. A., Haryono, B. S., & Anggraeni, N. L. V. (2015). Peran Dan Koordinasi Stakeholder Dalam Pengembangan Kawasan Minapolitan Di Kecamatan Nglegok, Kabupaten Blitar. Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 3(12), 2070–2076.

Maryani, H., Nasution, A., & Nduru, Y. (2020). Sosialisasi Cara Menghindari Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT) Di Desa Sena Batang Kuis. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Hasil Pengabdian, 127–133

Mazmanian, D. H., & Sabatier, paul A. (1983). Implementation and Public Policy. Harper Collins.

McLaren, H. (2016). Domestic Violence in Chinese Families: Cold Violence by Men Towards Women. Journal of International Women’s Studies, 17(4), 1–15.

Merung, P. V. (2016). Kajian Kriminologi Terhadap Upaya Penanganan Kasus Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (KKDRT) Di Indonesia. Journal Unpar, 2(2), 397–423. https://doi.org/10.25123/ vej.2273

Miller, E., & McMaw, B. (2019). Intimate Partner Violence. The New England Journal of Medicine, 850–857. https://doi. org/10.1056/NEJMra1807166

Moreira, D. N., & Pinto da Costa, M. (2020). The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic in the Precipitation of Intimate Partner Violance. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. ijlp.2020.101606

Munawara, Muhammadiyah, & Ma’ruf. (2020). Peran Kepolisian Resor Kota Besar Makassar Dalam Menangani Kasus Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga Di Kota Makassar. Jurnal Unismuh, 1(3). https://journal.unismuh.ac.id/index.php/kimap/ article/view/3754

Muslim. (2019). Pencegahan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT)Melalui Konsep Hak dan Kewajiban Suami Isteri dalam Islam. International Journal of Child and Gender Studies, 5(1), 117–137.

Nadya, S., & Nursiti. (2019). Tinjauan Kriminologis Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga dan Upaya Penanggulangannya di Kabupaten Pidie Jaya. Jurnal Ilmiah Maasiswa Nidang Hukum Pidana, 3(1), 41–46.

Novero, J., Sularto, R. B., & Setiawati, T. W. (2017). Tinjauan Kriminologis Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga Terhadat Istri di Kota Semarang. Diponegoro Law Journal, 6(2), 1–15.

Nugroho, R. (2014). Public Policy. PT. Elex Media Komputindo.

Nuradhawati, R. (2018). Peran Pusat Pelayanan Terpadu Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Anak (P2TP2A) dalam Pendampingan Perempuan dan Anak Korban Kekerasan dala Rumah Tangga (KDRT) di Kota Cimahi. Jurnal Academia Praja, 1(1), 149–184.

Nurman, A. (2012). Global Governance Pengambilalihan Negara dan Peran LSM Lokal. Jurnal Analisis Sosial, 61.

Nusa, I. B., Nugroho, B. A., Pamuji, T. P. D., Duri, M. S., & Ibrahim, R. T. (2019). Penanggulangan Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga Ditinjau dari Undang- Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2004 tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga. Lontar Merah, 2(1), 204–212.

Osei-Tutu, E. M., & Ampadu, E. (2017). Domestic violence against women in Ghana: The attitudes of men toward wife- beating. Journal of International Women’s Studies, 18(4), 106–116.

Parsons, W. (2014). Public Policy: An Introduction to The Theory and Practice of Policy Analysis. Kencana.

Pearson, I., Butler, N., Yelgezekova, Z., Nihlén, Å., Yordi Aguirre, I., Quigg, Z., & Stöckl, H. (2021). Emerging Responses Implemented to Prevent and Respond to Violence Against Women and Children in WHO European Member States During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review of Online Media Reports. BMJ Open, 11(4), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1136/ bmjopen-2020-045872

Prasandi, A., & Diana, H. (2020). Survey Pengetahuan dan Sikap Terhadap Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga pada Perempuan Dewasa di Kecamatan Sukoharjo Kabupaten Pringsewu. Journal of Psychological Perspective, 2(1), 25–39.

Pratama, D. (2019). Efektivitas Penegakan Undang-Undang Penghapusan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga Nomor 23 Tahun 2004 Di Yogyakarta. Jurnal Lex Renaissance, 4(2), 367–385. https://doi. org/10.20885/jlr.vol4.iss2.art10

Purnamasari, D. M. (2020). Catatan Komnas Perempuan 431.471 Kasus Kekerasan Terjadi Sepanjang 2019. Kompas. com. https://nasional.kompas. com/read/2020/03/06/15134051/ catatan-komnas-perempuan-431471- kasus-kekerasan-terjadi-sepanjang- 2019?page=all

Purwoko, A., Sukiyono, K., Priyono, B.S. (2011). Probabilitas Terjadinya Tindak Kekerasan terhadap Wanita dalam Rumah Tangga: Studi pada Masyarakat Berbasis Pertanian di Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara. Sosiohumaniora, 13 (1), 58-75.

Puspawati, A. A., Sumartono, Haryono, B. S., & Setyowati, E. (2020). Stakeholder Analysis on The Implementation of Family Development Program for Indonesian Migrant Workers Using Soft System Methodology. Eurasia: Economic & Business, 11(41), 25–34. https:// doi.org/DOI https://doi.org/10.18551/ econeurasia.2020-11

Rafikah, & Rahmawati. (2015). Peranan Pusat Pelayanan Terpadu Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Anak (P2TP2A) Dalam Menghapuskan Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT) di Kota Bukittinggi. Journal of Islamic & Social Studies, 1(2), 173–186.

Rahayu, Y. S. (2018). Efektivitas Undang-Undang Penghapusan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga. Journal of Indonesian Rural and Regional Government, 1(2), 166–179.

Rahman, K. F. (2019). Focus on Domestic Violence in Bangladesh: A Study from Criminological Perspectives. Journal of International Women’s Studies, 20(3), 98–115.

Rahmawati, P., & Mussadun. (2017). Perception and Participation of Stakeholder in Coastal Areas Zoning Plan Coastal Areas of Jepara (Case Study: Bandengan Village, Jepara). Tataloka, 19(3), 192–205.

Ramadhon, S., & Gorda, T. R. (2020). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Perempuan Sebagai Korban Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga Secara Preventif dan Represif. Jurnal Analisis Hukum, 3(2), 205–217.

Riggs, D. S., Caulfield, M. B., & Street, A. E. (2000). Risk for domestic violence: Factors associated with perpetration and victimization. In Journal of Clinical Psychology (Vol. 56, Issue 10, pp. 1289–1316). J Clin Psychol. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097- 4679(200010)56:10<1289::AID- JCLP4>3.0.CO;2-Z

Rollè, L., Giardina, G., Caldarera, A. M., Gerino, E., & Brustia, P. (2018). When Intimate Partner Violence Meets Same Sex Couples: A Review of Same Sex Intimate Partner Violence. Frontiers in Psychology, 9(AUG), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01506

Rosnawati, E. (2018). Peran Pusat Pelayanan Terpadu Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Anak (P2TP2A) dalam Mengatasi Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga. Jurnal Kosmik Hukum, 18(1), 82–94. https://doi. org/10.30595/kosmikhukum.v18i1.2341

Sembiring, H., & Saleh, M. (2019). Efektivitas Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (Suatu Penelitian di Kota Banda Aceh). Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Bidang Hukum Kenegaraan, 3(1), 46–58.

Senyumdra. (2016). Peran Pemerintah dalam Penyelesaian KDRT. Jurnal Gema.

Silitonga, D. P. (2020). Peran Pelayanan Pastoral bagi Ibu yang Mengalami Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga. DUNAMIS: Jurnal Teologi Dan Pendidikan Kristiani, 4(2), 169–182. https://doi.org/10.30648/dun. v4i2.21.

Sugiarto, R., & Putrianti, F. G. (2018). Sosialisasi Dan Pelatihan Pencegahan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga Di Desa Baturetno Kabupaten Bantul. Abdimas Dewantara, 1(2), 84–95. https://doi.org/10.30738/ ad.v1i2.2974

Sulistyorini, S. (2018). Partisipasi Stakeholder Eksternal dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan di Sekolah Dasar. Ta’allum: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 6(2), 347–372. https://doi.org/10.21274/ taalum.2018.6.2.347-372

Supriyanto, E., & Eleanora, F. N. (2020). Early Wedding Polemic and The Impact of The Domestic Violence. Law and Justice, 5(1), 30–38. https://doi.org/10.23917/laj.v5i1.9722

Suryanto, A. F., & Putra, T. H. (2018). Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (Suatu Tinjauan Terhadap Aspek-Aspek Yuridis dalam Penanganan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tagga di Pengadilan Negeri Boyolali). Jurnal Bedah Hukum, 2(2), 93–104.

Susanty, D. I., & Julqurniati, N. (2019). Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan Dalam Rumah Tangga Di Flores Timur. Sosio Konsepsia, 8(2), 27–44. https://doi.org/10.33007/ska. v8i2.1661

Susilastuti, D. N., Susilo, Ed. M., & Zudiyatko. (2011). Model Komunikasi dalam Sosialisasi Undang-undang No 23 Tahun 2004 tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 9(1), 49–59.

Suteja, J., & Muzaki, M. (2020). Pencegahan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT) Melalui Kegiatan Konseling Keluarga. Equalita: Jurnal Studi Gender Dan Anak, 2(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.24235/ equalita.v2i1.6991

Sutiawati, & Mappaselleng, N. F. (2020). Penanggulangan Tindak Pidana Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga di Kota Makassar. Jurnal Wawasan Yuridika, 4(1), 17–30. https://doi.org/10.25072/jwy.v4i1.315

Tundjung, Kurnia, I., & Ade, A. (2019). Peningkatan Kesadaran Hukum Masyarakat Terhadap Peran Masyarakat Dalam Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga. Majalah Hukum Forum Akademika, 2(2), 309–314.

UNICEF. (2017). Preventing and Responding to Violence Against Children and Adolescents Theory of Change 2017. UNICEF. www. unicef.org

van Metter, D., & van Horn, C. E. (1975). The Policy Implementation Process: A Conceptual Framework. Administration and Society, 5(4), 445–485

Wargadinata, E., & Sartika, I. (2019). The Good Governance Implementation At Village In East Nusa Tenggara Province. Sosiohumaniora, 21 (3). 323-332.

Wati, M. S., & Krismartini. (2019). Peran Stakeholders Dalam Implementasi Kebijakan Perlindungan Perempuan Dari Tindak Kekerasan Di Kota Semarang. Journal of Public Policy and Management Review.

Weissman, D. G., Bitran, D., Miller, A. B., Schaefer, J. D., Sheridan, M. A., & McLaughlin, K. A. (2019). Difficulties with Emotion Regulation as a Transdiagnostic Mechanism Linking Child Maltreatment with the Emergence of Psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 31(3), 899–915. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579419000348

Widyastuti, A. R. (2016). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Korban Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga. JurnalLaw Pro Justitia, 2(1), 18–34. https://doi.org/10.24252/ jurisprudentie.v6i2.10302

World Health Organization. (2013). Global and Regional Estimates of Violance Againts Women: Prevalence and Health Effect of Intimate Partner Violance and Non-Partner Sexual Violance. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/hand le/10665/85239/9789241564625_eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Wuisan, M. O. (2013). Implementasi Undang- Undang Penghapusan Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga di Kabupaten Minahasa Utara. Jurnal Hukum Unsrat, 1(1), 17–31.

Yakubovich, A. R., Stöckl, H., Murray, J., Melendez-Torres, G. J., Steinert, J. I., Glavin, C. E. Y., & Humphreys, D. K. (2018). Risk and protective factors for intimate partner violence against women: Systematic review and meta-analyses of prospective–longitudinal studies. American Journal of Public Health, 108(7), e1–e11. https://doi.org/10.2105/ AJPH.2018.304428

Yosevita, L. (2015). Implementasi Peran Stake Holder dalam Pengembangan Ekowisata di Taman Nasional Manusela (TNM) di Kabupaten Maluku Tengah. Jurnal Agroforestri, X(1), 21–30.

Zed, M. (2014). Metode Penelitian Kepustakaan. https://books.google.co.id/books/about/Metode_Penelitian_Kepustakaan.html?id=zG9sDAAAQBAJ&printsec=front cover&source=kp_read_button&redir_ esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/sosiohumaniora.v25i3.42362

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 Sosiohumaniora

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 Sosiohumaniora Indexed By:

 

width= width= width= width=120 width= width=  width=  width= width= width= width= width=  width= width=120 

Lisensi Creative Commons Creation is distributed below Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

  

Visitor Statistics


Published By:

Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran

Dean's Building 2nd Floor, Jalan Ir. Soekarno Km. 21 Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363

Email: jurnal.sosiohumaniorafisip@gmail.com