KOMPETENSI CALON PERAWAT LULUSAN AKPER DI JAWA BARAT1
Udin Naziruddin
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari unsur-unsur yang membentuk
kompetensi calon perawat profesional pemula, hubungannya dengan orientasi
vokasional, orientasi akademik dan motivasi kebutuhan dasar, pada mahasiswa
Akademi Perawatan (Akper) tingkat akhir yang dikelola Departemen Kesehatan
(Depkes), Pemerintah Kabupaten (Pemkab) dan Yayasan Swasta di Jawa Barat.
Pendekatan dan metode penelitian causal comparative dengan analisis statistik
model MCA digunakan komputer pada program SPSS. Landasan teoretik yang
digunakan berkaitan dengan ilmu administrasi, yaitu: kompetensi, perilaku
organisasi, motivasi, kepemimpinan, dan komitmen terhadap pelaksanaan praktik
asuhan, diterapkan dalam pendidikan diploma tiga keperawatan. Fokus penelitian
ini adalah, kompetensi yang dimiliki calon perawat ditinjau dari prestasi hasil
belajar, komitmen terhadap pelaksanaan asuhan, kepemimpinan, dikaitkan
dengan orientasi vokasional, orientasi akademik dan motivasi. Hasil penelitian
menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara orientasi vokasional, orientasi akademik,
dan motivasi dengan prestasi hasil belajar, serta kepemimpinan adalah lemah dan
kurang signifikan (p>0,05). Hubungan antara motivasi dengan komitmen
terhadap pelaksanaan praktik asuhan adalah besar dan signifikan (p<0,05).
Prestasi hasil belajar, komitmen terhadap pelaksanaan praktik asuhan, dan
kepemimpinan berhubungan lemah dan tidak signifikan (p>0,05). Pola hubungan
antar variabel orientasi akademik, orientasi vokasional dan motivasi terhadap
kompetensi pada mahasiswa Akper Depkes berlaku pula bagi mahasiswa pada
Akper Pemkab dan Yayasan Swasta. Pada mahasiswa Akper Pemkab, pengaruh
orientasi akademik, orientasi vokasional dan motivasi terhadap komitmen mereka
pada nilai-nilai moral dalam praktik adalah signifkan (p0.05) pada Akper Depkes. Angka rata-rata
prestasi hasil belajar kumulatif, komitmen terhadap praktik asuhan dan
kepemimpinan pada mahasiswa Akper Depkes lebih tinggi dibanding dengan
mahasiswa Akper Swasta dan Pemkab. Angka rata-rata ketiga dimensi
kompetensi pada mahasiswa Akper Swasta lebih tinggi dibanding dengan angka
rata-rata pada Akper Pemerintahan Kabupaten. Manajemen pendidikan diploma
tiga yang dikelola Depkes bisa dijadikan model rujukan bagi manajemen
pendidikan diploma tiga yang dikelola Swasta dan Pemerintahan Kabupaten.
Kata Kunci : Kompetensi, perilaku organisasi, kepemimpinan dan praktik asuhan, Keparawatan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24198/sosiohumaniora.v6i3.5533
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