E ISSN
POLITICAL AWARENESS, KNOWLEDGE, AND PARTICIPATION RELATIONSHIP USING STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING APPROACH
Abstract
Political participation is fundamental in consolidating democracy in which political participation influences the legitimacy of society towards the running of a government. In elections, political participation could be considered community control over a government. Therefore, modeling the factors of political participation becomes essential. This cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between political awareness, political knowledge, and political participation of individuals living in Padang, Indonesia, and participating in the general election of 2020. This study employs the structural equation modeling (SEM) approach to construct the proposed model. The stability of SEM’s algorithm is checked using a reliability test. The performance of SEM and its algorithm is identified using the Bootstrap technique. The statistical tests proved that the proposed model is acceptable. This study found that political awareness has a positive and direct effect on political knowledge while political knowledge positively impacts political participation. It means that political awareness does not directly influence political participation. The political knowledge mediates it. This study suggests that individuals have to improve their public knowledge in the election to improve political participation. Meanwhile, political knowledge could be increased by improving political awareness. Indicator variables for each latent variable are also investigated in this study.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abdo-Katsipis, C. B. (2017). Women, Political Participation, and the Arab Spring: Political Awareness and Participation in Democratizing Tunisia. Journal of Women, Politics & Policy, 38(4), 413–429. https://doi.org/10.1080/1554477X.2016.1268870
Akyuz, H. E., & Gamgam, H. (2019). Comparison of Binary Logistic Regression Models Based on Bootstrap Method: An Application on Coronary Artery Disease Data. Gazi University Journal of Science, 32(1), 318–331.
Arshad, S., & Khurram, S. (2020). Survey dataset on citizens’ perspective regarding government’s use of social media for provision of quality information and citizens online political participation in Pakistan. Data in Brief, 32, 106311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.106311
Assaf, A., Barros, C. P., & Josiassen, A. (2012). Hotel efficiency: A bootstrapped metafrontier approach. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31(2), 621–629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2011.12.006
Aydın Çakır, A., & Şekercioğlu, E. (2016). Public confidence in the judiciary: The interaction between political awareness and level of democracy. Democratization, 23(4), 634–656. https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2014.1000874
Büchi, M., & Vogler, F. (2017). Testing a Digital Inequality Model for Online Political Participation. Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World, 3, 1–13.
C.E., I.-L., & C.J., B. (2011). The concept of bootstrapping of structural Equation models with smaller samples: An illustration using mealtime rituals in diabetes management. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 32(8), 619–626. https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0b013e31822bc74f
Chen, F., Curran, P. J., Bollen, K. a., Kirby, J., & Paxton, P. (2008). An Empirical Evaluation of the Use of Fixed Cutoff Points in RMSEA Test Statistic in Structural Equation Models. Sociological Methods & Research, 36(4), 462–494. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124108314720
Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297–334.
de Vreese, C. H., & Boomgaarden, H. (2006). News, Political Knowledge and Participation: The Differential Effects of News Media Exposure on Political Knowledge and Participation. Acta Politica, 41(4), 317–341. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.ap.5500164
DiCiccio, T., & Efron, B. (1996). Bootstrap Confidence Intervals. Statistical Science, 11(3), 189–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-7152(88)90042-9
Gallego, A., & Oberski, D. (2012). Personality and Political Participation: The Mediation Hypothesis. Political Behavior, 34(3), 425–451. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11109-011-9168-7
Gan, C., Lee, F. L. F., & Li, Y. (2017). Social media use, political affect, and participation among university students in urban China. Telematics and Informatics, 34(7), 936–947. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2017.04.002
Gil de Zúñiga, H., Molyneux, L., & Zheng, P. (2014). Social Media, Political Expression, and Political Participation: Panel Analysis of Lagged and Concurrent Relationships. Journal of Communication, 64(4), 612–634. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12103
Hussin, A. G., Zubairi, Y. Z., Imon, R., & Rana, S. (2017). Small-sample confidence interval for the slope of linear structural relationship model. Electronic Journal of Applied Statistical Analysis, 10(02), 374–383. https://doi.org/10.1285/i20705948v10n2p374
Johann, D. (2012). Specific political knowledge and citizens’ participation: Evidence from Germany. Acta Politica, 47(1), 42–66. https://doi.org/10.1057/ap.2011.20
Jung, N., Kim, Y., & de Zúñiga, H. G. (2011). The Mediating Role of Knowledge and Efficacy in the Effects of Communication on Political Participation. Mass Communication and Society, 14(4), 407–430. https://doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2010.496135
Jung, S. (2013). Structural equation modeling with small sample sizes using two-stage ridge least-squares estimation. Behavior Research Methods, 45(1), 75–81. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-012-0206-0
Kline, R. B. (2015). Principles and practices of structural equation modelling. In The Guilford Press.
Ondercin, H. L., & Jones-White, D. (2011). Gender Jeopardy: What is the Impact of Gender Differences in Political Knowledge on Political Participation?*: Gender Differences in Political Knowledge. Social Science Quarterly, 92(3), 675–694. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6237.2011.00787.x
Rahmadi. (2020). Pilkada Saat Covid-19, Partisipasi Pemilih di Padang Tak Menurun. https://langgam.id/pilkada-saat-covid-19-partisipasi-pemilih-di-padang-tak-menurun/
Reichert, F. (2016). How internal political efficacy translates political knowledge into political participation: Evidence from Germany. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 12(2), 221–241. https://doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v12i2.1095
Weinschenk, A. C., Dawes, C. T., Oskarsson, S., Klemmensen, R., & Nørgaard, A. S. (2021). The relationship between political attitudes and political participation: Evidence from monozygotic twins in the United States, Sweden, Germany, and Denmark. Electoral Studies, 69, 102269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2020.102269
Widhyharto, D. S., Rahmawati, D., & Abheseka, N. M. R. (2020). Silent Political Apathy in Urban Society: The Case of Medan 2018 Election. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 24(2), 171–188. https://doi.org/10.22146/jsp.51724
Yanuar, F. (2016). Validity test and its consistency in the construction of patient loyalty model. 030023. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4945081
Yanuar, F., Devianto, D., Marisa, S., & Zetra, A. (2015). Consistency test of reliability index in SEM model. Applied Mathematical Sciences, 9(106), 5283–5292. https://doi.org/10.12988/ams.2015.56446
Yanuar, F., Ibrahim, K., & Jemain, A. A. (2010). On the application of structural equation modeling for the construction of a health index. Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, 15(5), 285–291. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12199-010-0140-7
Yanuar, F., Ibrahim, K., & Jemain, A. A. (2013). Bayesian structural equation modeling for the health index. Journal of Applied Statistics, 40(6), 1254–1269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02664763.2013.785491
Zhang, X., & Savalei, V. (2016). Bootstrapping Confidence Intervals for Fit Indexes in Structural Equation Modeling. Structural Equation Modeling, 23(3), 392–408. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2015.1118692
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jwp.v7i1.36325
Copyright (c) 2022 Aidinil Zetra, Kartini Aboo Talib @Khalid, Ferra Yanuar, Susi Marisa
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
JWP (Jurnal Wacana Politik) Indexed By:
21.png)
Published By:
Departement of Political Science
Campus of Faculty of Social and Political Science
Universitas Padjajaran, Building D, 2nd floor
Jl. Raya Sumedang Km.21, Jatinangor, Sumedang
Creation is distributed below Lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi 4.0 Internasional.