The Sunscreen activities of ethanol, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, and water fractions from papaya (Carica papaya l.) leaf extract
Abstract
The application of sunscreen products containing natural compounds is one of
alternative popular ways to protect the skin from the harmful effects of sun
exposure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sunscreen activity of papaya
leaf extract. The ethanol extract of papaya leaf was fractionated to obtain ethanol,
n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water extracts. The value of SPF 15, percent
transmission of erythema (1% Te ), and the percent transmission of pigmentation
40 (% Tp) of each extract were calculated in vitro by using spectrophotometric
method. among the extract examined, the ethyl acetate extract was found to be the
most effective to reach Sun Protection Factor (SPF) 15 (ultra-protection category)
and 1% Te (sunblock category) at a minimum concentration of 90.08 ppm and
63.49 ppm. Meanwhile n-hexane extract was the most effective to reach 40% tp
(sunblock category) at a minimum concentration of 30.68 ppm. The minimum
concentration of papaya leaf extracts required to reach SPF 15, 1% Te and 40% Tp
were far below the concentration of sunscreen compounds allowed in commercial
cosmetic products. It can be concluded that papaya leaf extract have significant
sunscreen property for use as cosmetic ingredient.
Keywords: Carica papaya, SPF, Transmission of erythema, Transmission of
pigmentation
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