Penutupan multiple diastema pada maksila dan mandibula menggunakan teknik retraksi anterior dua tahap dengan perawatan ortodonti standar edgewise
Closure of the maxillary and mandibular multiple diastema using two-step anterior retraction technique with standard edgewise orthodontic treatment
Abstract
Pendahuluan: Multiple diastema merupakan celah atau ruang yang terdapat di antara gigi dan dapat terjadi pada gigi geligi pada maksila dan mandibula. Diastema yang terdapat di anterior seringkali menyebabkan gangguan estetik. Teknik retraksi anterior dua tahap dilakukan dengan penarikan gigi kaninus terlebih dahulu dilanjutkan dengan retraksi empat gigi anterior. Laporan kasus ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan penanganan kasus multiple diastema pada maksila dan mandibula dengan menggunakan teknik retraksi anterior dua tahap, dengan metode perawatan ortodonti standar Edgewise. Laporan kasus: Pasien wanita usia 24 tahun datang ke klinik PPDGS RSGM Unpad dengan keluhan utama gigi pada rahang atas dan bawah yang renggang. Enam tahun yang lalu pasien pernah akan dirawat ortodonti dan telah melakukan pencabutan empat gigi premolar, namun tidak dilanjutkan. Diagnosis pasien ini adalah maloklusi kelas I dentoskeletal disertai profil wajah cembung, multiple diastema dan garis median gigi rahang bawah bergeser ke kiri. Sefalometri menunjukkan sudut interinsisal protrusif, jarak I-NA dan I-NB proposisi. Perawatan ortodonti dilakukan selama 18 bulan dengan alat cekat standar edgewise. Retraksi gigi kaninus dilakukan dengan menggunakan powerchain setelah levelling dan alignment. Perawatan dilanjutkan dengan tahap kedua yaitu retraksi gigi gigi anterior dengan menggunakan t-loop. Tujuan perawatan ini adalah memperbaiki penampilan, menghilangkan multiple diastema, mengurangi kecembungan wajah, memiliki oklusi dan stabilitas yang baik Simpulan: Teknik retraksi dua tahap pada perawatan ortodonti standar edgewise dapat memberikan hasil yang baik dalam penatalaksanaan kasus multiple diastema pada maksila dan mandibula.
Kata kunci: Multiple diastema, retraksi anterior dua tahap, t-loop.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Multiple diastema is a gap or space between the teeth and can occur in the maxillary and mandibular. Anterior diastema often causes aesthetic disturbances. The two-steps anterior retraction technique is performed by initially pulling the canines followed by the retraction of the four anterior teeth. This case report was aimed to describe the management of the maxillary and mandibular multiple diastema case using a two-steps anterior retraction technique, with the standard edgewise orthodontic treatment method. Case report: A female patient aged 24 years came to the Dental Specialist Education Clinics of Universitas Padjadjaran Dental Hospital with the chief complaint of loose maxillary and mandibular teeth. Six years prior, the patient had received initial orthodontic treatment with four premolar extractions, but was discontinued. This patient’s diagnosis was a dentoskeletal class I malocclusion with a convex facial profile, multiple diastema, and the mandibular teeth median line was shifted to the left. Cephalometry showed protrusive interincisal angles, with propositions of I-NA and I-NB distances. The orthodontic treatment was carried out for 18 months with standard edgewise fixed appliances. Retraction of canines was performed using powerchain after levelling and alignment. The treatment was continued with the second step, which was the anterior teeth retraction using a t-loop. This treatment was aimed to improve appearance, eliminate multiple diastema, reduce facial convexity, and creates good occlusion and stability. Conclusion: The two-step retraction technique with standard edgewise orthodontic treatment can provide good results in managing the maxillary and mandibular multiple diastema.
Keywords: Multiple diastema, two-steps anterior retraction, t-loop.
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jkg.v32i3.17980
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