Persentase maloklusi angle kelas II divisi 1 pada anak dengan kebiasaan bernafas melalui mulut  Percentage of angle class II division 1 malocclusion in children with mouth breathing habits

Sharina Yuanisa; Isnaniah Malik; Risti Saptarini Primarti

doi:10.24198/jkg.v28i3.18701

Persentase maloklusi angle kelas II divisi 1 pada anak dengan kebiasaan bernafas melalui mulut
Percentage of angle class II division 1 malocclusion in children with mouth breathing habits

Sharina Yuanisa, Isnaniah Malik, Risti Saptarini Primarti

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Maloklusi merupakan keadaan patologi oral dengan prevalensi tertinggi urutan ketiga setelah karies gigi dan penyakit periodontal.¹ Keadaan maloklusi seringkali mempengaruhi kesehatan jaringan periodontal dan menyebabkan peningkatan prevalensi karies gigi dan permasalahan sendi temporomandibular. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui persentase maloklusi Angle kelas II divisi 1 pada anak dengan kebiasaan bernafas melalui mulut. Metode: Jenis penelitian yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif. Populasi penelitian adalah murid sekolah dasar di Kota Bandung. Populasi target yang dijadikan sampel adalah murid usia 9-12 tahun yang bersekolah di SDN Sekelimus 1, SDN Sekeloa 1, SDN Sukasenang dan SDN Cipaganti 4. Populasi terjangkau yang dijadikan sampel adalah murid sekolah dasar kelas 3 sampai 6. Pemilihan Sekolah Dasar diambil dengan teknik two stage cluster random sampling. Hasil: Sebanyak 463 sampel anak yang diteliti, mayoritas anak tidak memiliki kebiasaan bernafas melalui mulut (88,6%), dan selebihnya sebanyak 11,4% memiliki kebiasaan bernafas dengan mulut. semua sampel memiliki kebiasaan bernafas melalui mulut, persentase klasifikasi maloklusi tertinggi adalah Kelas I (49,1%), dan selanjutnya secara berurutan adalah Kelas II Divisi 1 (35,8%), Kelas III (9,4%) dan persentasi klasifikasi maloklusi terendah adalah Kelas II Divisi 2 (5,7%). Simpulan: Persentase maloklusi Angle kelas II divisi 1 pada anak dengan kebiasaan bernafas melalui mulut yaitu sebesar 35,8% atau sebanyak 19 anak dari 53 anak dengan kebiasaan bernafas melalui mulut.

Kata kunci: Maloklusi, kebiasaan buruk, kebiasaan bernafas melalui mulut.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Malocclusion is a condition of oral pathology with the highest prevalence of third order after dental caries and periodontal disease. The state of malocclusion often affects the health of periodontal tissues and causes an increase in the prevalence of dental caries and temporomandibular joint problems. The aim of the study was to determine the percentage of Angle class II division 1 malocclusion in children with mouth breathing habits. Methods: The type of research used in this study is descriptive. The study population was elementary school students in the city of Bandung. The target population sampled were students aged 9-12 years who attended SDN Sekelimus 1, SDN Sekeloa 1, SDN Sukasenang and SDN Cipaganti 4. Affordable populations sampled were elementary school students in grades 3 to 6. The selection of elementary schools was taken with techniques two stage cluster random sampling. Results: A total of 463 samples of children studied, the majority of children did not have mouth breathing habits (88.6%), and the remaining 11.4% had mouth breathing habits. all samples had a habit of breathing through the mouth, the highest percentage of malocclusion classification was Class I (49.1%), and then sequentially was Class II Division 1 (35.8%), Class III (9.4%) and percentage classification of malocclusion the lowest was Class II Division 2 (5.7%) Conclusion: Percentage of Angle class II division 1 malocclusion in children with mouth breathing habits was 35.8% or as many as 19 children from 53 children with mouth breathing habits.

Keywords: Malocclusion, bad habits, mouth breathing habits.

Keywords

Maloklusi, kebiasaan buruk, kebiasaan bernafas melalui mulut, malocclusion, bad habits, mouth breathing habits.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jkg.v28i3.18701