Hubungan antara diskrepansi ukuran gigi anterior rahang atas dan rahang bawah terhadap profil jaringan lunak wajah berdasarkan analisis Bolton  The correlation between maxillary and mandibular anterior size discrepancy and soft tissue facial profile based on Bolton analysis

Andrian Fadhlillah Ramadhan; Gita Gayatri; Yuliawati Zenab

doi:10.24198/jkg.v32i2.26980

Hubungan antara diskrepansi ukuran gigi anterior rahang atas dan rahang bawah terhadap profil jaringan lunak wajah berdasarkan analisis Bolton
The correlation between maxillary and mandibular anterior size discrepancy and soft tissue facial profile based on Bolton analysis

Andrian Fadhlillah Ramadhan, Gita Gayatri, Yuliawati Zenab

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Diskrepansi ukuran gigi dan profil wajah merupakan dua faktor yang membantu dalam proses penegakan diagnosis dan penentuan rencana perawatan ortodonti. Pengukuran diskrepansi ukuran gigi dapat dilakukan dengan analisis Bolton, analisis ini dapat menunjukkan rasio lebar mesiodistal antara gigi pada maksila dan gigi pada mandibula. Profil wajah dapat digunakan sebagai guideline dalam menentukan estetik wajah yang ingin dicapai setelah perawatan. Tipe profil wajah dapat diinterpretasi dari hasil fotografi ekstraoral, pada penelitian ini analisis Bolton yang dilakukan hanya meliputi rasio anterior saja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara diskrepansi ukuran gigi rahang atas dengan ukuran gigi rahang bawah berdasarkan analisis Bolton terhadap profil jaringan lunak wajah pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran. Metode: Penelitian analitik observasional diawali dengan pengambilan sampel dengan teknik purposive sampling dan didapatkan 50 orang sampel mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi angkatan 2016 kemudian dilakukan analisis rasio anterior Bolton pada model studi dan interpretasi hasil foto profil ekstraoral. Uji korelasi Pearson dilakukan untuk mengetahui korelasi dari kedua variabel tersebut. Hasil: Rata-rata anterior ratio dari 50 orang sampel sebesar 79,53% ±2,61 dengan profil wajah lurus sebanyak 33 orang (66%) dan profil wajah cembung sebanyak 17 orang (34%) dengan rata-rata derajat konveksitas 172,11°. Uji korelasi Pearson menghasilkan nilai p-value (0,896) yang lebih besar dari α=0,05. Tidak ada korelasi yang signifikan antara diskrepansi ukuran gigi dan profil wajah. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara diskrepansi ukuran gigi dan profil wajah.

Kata kunci: Analisis Bolton, diskrepansi ukuran gigi, profil wajah.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Tooth size discrepancy and facial profile are two crucial factors for helping diagnosis and treatment planning of orthodontic treatment. Bolton analysis could measure tooth size discrepancy; and the analysis result shows the ratio of mesiodistal width between maxillary and mandibular teeth. The facial profile could be used as a guideline for aesthetic result in orthodontic treatment. The facial profile can be analysed from an extraoral profile photograph. In this research, we only calculate the anterior ratio of the sample. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between maxillary and mandibular anterior size discrepancy and soft tissue facial profile of the students of the Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran based on Bolton analysis. Methods: The research was conducted with observational analytic methods. The sampling method was conducted using the purposive sampling method, which resulted in 50 samples taken from students of the Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran batch 2016. Analysis of the sample’s anterior ratio was measured on the study cast with Bolton analysis and interpretation of the extraoral profile photograph. Both variables (tooth size discrepancy and facial profile type) were then analysed with Pearson’s correlation test to determine the correlation between the two variables. Results: The average anterior ratio from 50 samples was 79.53% ± 2.61, and the most common facial profile type was straight/orthognathic, which was found in 33 samples (66%) followed by convex in 17 samples (34%) with average facial convexity was 172.11°. The result of Pearson’s correlation test showed that the p-value was 0.896, which was higher than α = 0.05. There was no significant correlation between tooth size discrepancy and soft tissue facial profile. Conclusion: There is no correlation between tooth size discrepancy and soft tissue facial profile.

Keywords: Bolton analysis, tooth size discrepancy, facial profile.

Keywords

Analisis Bolton; diskrepansi ukuran gigi; profil wajah; Bolton analysis; tooth size discrepancy; facial profile

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jkg.v32i2.26980