Hubungan pengetahuan serta dukungan keluarga dengan dental anxiety pada usia dewasa muda Relationship of knowledge and family support with dental anxiety in young adulthood

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Dental anxiety merupakan respon psikologis dan fisiologis terhadap tindakan perawatan gigi. Penyebab timbulnya dental anxiety diantaranya adalah pengetahuan dan dukungan keluarga, kurangnya pengetahuan mengenai kesehatan gigi dan mulut dapat menjadi pemicu munculnya anxiety, sedangkan dukungan keluarga dipercaya dapat meningkatkan semangat individu, tingkat keberhasilan dalam perawatan, serta mengurangi anxiety. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis hubungan pengetahuan serta dukungan keluarga dengan dental anxiety pada usia dewasa muda. Metode: Jenis penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross-sectional. Populasi penelitian golongan usia dewasa adalah mahasiswa Universitas Diponegoro program studi kesehatan dan non kesehatan berjumlah 603 mahasiswa. Berdasarkan perhitungan besar sampel menggunakan rumus lameshow, didapatkan jumlah sampel 234 dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan dan dukungan keluarga, serta kuesioner Modified Dental Anxiety Scale dengan skala ordinal. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil: Mild anxiety lebih banyak dialami responden dengan pengetahuan kurang baik. Persentase mild anxiety hampir sama bagi responden yang mendapat dukungan (56,9%) atau tidak (61,2%). Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dengan dental anxiety (p=0,012) dan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan dukungan keluarga dengan dental anxiety (p=0,471). Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan dental anxiety dan tidak terdapat hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan dental anxiety.

 Kata kunci: Dental anxiety; pengetahuan; dewasa muda

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Dental anxiety is a psychological and physiological response to dental treatment. The causes of dental anxiety include family knowledge and support, lack of knowledge about dental and oral health can trigger anxiety, while family support is believed to increase individual enthusiasm and success rates in treatment, thus reducing anxiety. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge and family support with dental anxiety in young adulthood. Methods: This research was analytic observational with a cross-sectional design. The research population was the young adult age group, 603 students of Diponegoro University from the health and non-health study programs. Based on the sample size calculation with the lameshow formula, the number of samples obtained was 234 with consecutive sampling technique. The research instrument used was the knowledge and family support questionnaire and a Modified Dental Anxiety Scale questionnaire with an ordinal scale. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: Mild anxiety was more experienced by respondents with poor knowledge. The percentage of mild anxiety was almost similar for respondents who received support (56.9%) or not (61.2%). The analysis results showed a significant relationship between knowledge and dental anxiety (p=0.012), and there was no significant relationship between family support and dental anxiety (p=0.471). Conclusions: There is a relationship between knowledge and dental anxiety. However, there is no relationship between family support and dental anxiety.

 Keywords: dental anxiety; knowledge; young adults