Manifestasi dan tatalaksana lesi oral pada pasien penderita systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): laporan kasus

Iin Heldayani, Riani Setiadhi

Abstract


ABSTRAK

 

Pendahuluan: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) merupakan penyakit autoimun kompleks yang menyerang berbagai sistem organ tubuh dengan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas yang tinggi. Manifestasi klinis paling umum adalah keterlibatan mukokutan dan manifestasi oral yang meliputi ulkus oral, lesi discoid, lichen planus-like lesion dan xerostomia. Manifestasi oral SLE pada orang dewasa jarang ditemukan. Tujuan dari Laporan Kasus ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan manifestasi tatalaksana lesi oral pada pasien penderita systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Laporan kasus: Seorang wanita berusia 21 tahun dengan SLE dirujuk dari Divisi Rheumatologi RSUP. Dr. Hasan Sadikin, Bandung dengan keluhan rasa sakit pada rongga mulut, serta kesulitan makan dan minum. Pemeriksaan ekstra oral menemukan ruam malar pada wajah dan bibir terlihat eksfoliatif. Intra oral ditemukan lesi erosif, eritem, tunggal, berbentuk bulat dengan diameter 0,7 cm pada mukosa bukal. Terdapat ulser erosif, eritem dengan dasar putih, multiple, berbatas jelas, ukuran bervariasi pada palatum durum dan pada gingiva anterior terdapat hematom keunguan yang mudah berdarah. Diagnosis SLE dalam kasus ini ditetapkan melalui pemeriksaan penunjang ANA test yang menunjukan hasil reactive dengan pola speckled dan titer 1:100 (Strong Positive). Terapi farmakologi untuk mengatasi kelainan rongga mulut dan bibir adalah triamsinolon asetonid 0,1% in orabase, obat kumur klorin dioksida dan vaselin album. Terapi non-farmakologi berupa edukasi untuk menghindari makanan yang pedas dan keras serta menjaga kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Simpulan: Pasien dengan SLE dapat menunjukan berbagai macam manifestasi oral. Diagnosis dan tatalaksana yang tepat memainkan peranan penting dalam mencegah progresivitas dan kronisitas dari penyakit ini sehingga dapat menurunkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas pasien.

 

Kata Kunci: systemic lupus erythematosus, tatalaksana SLE, manifestasi oral

 

 

Manifestation and management of oral lesion in patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): case report

 

ABSTRACT

 

Introduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease that affectsvarious systems and organs with high morbidity and mortality rates. The most common clinical manifestation is mucocutaneous involvement and oral manifestations comprised of oral ulcers, discoid lesions, lichen planus-like lesions and xerostomia. Oral manifestations of SLE in adults were rare. This study is aimed to describe oral manifestations of SLE and its management. Case report: A 21-year-old woman with SLE was referred from Rheumatology Division of RSUP. Dr. Hasan Sadikin, Bandung, complaining of painful in oral cavity as well as difficulty in eating and drinking. Extraoral examination revealed malar rash on face and lips that looked exfoliative. Intraorally, revealed erosive lesion, erythematous, single, round-shaped with diameter of 0.7 cm on buccal mucosa. There were erosive ulcers, erythematous with white base, multiple, well-demarcated and varying in sizes on hard palate and on anterior gingiva there was purplish hematoma that bleeds easily. Diagnosis of SLE in this case was established based on supporting examination of ANA test which showed reactive results with speckled pattern and titer of 1:100 (Strong Positive). Pharmacological therapy to treat disorder of oral cavity and lips were 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide in orabase, chlorine dioxide mouthwash and vaseline album. Non-pharmacological therapy was giving education to avoid spicy and hard foods and maintain oral hygiene. Conclusion: SLE patients may exhibit variety of oral manifestations. Correct diagnosis and management play an important role to prevent the progression and chronicity of this disease to reduce patient morbidity and mortality.

.

Keywords:

systemic lupus erythematosus, Management SLE, Oral Manifestation.

 


Keywords


systemic lupus erythematosus, tatalaksana SLE, manifestasi oral

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jkg.v36i4.49461

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