Ageusia sebagai kondisi pasca Long COVID-19; bagaimana manajemennya?: laporan kasus

Muhamad Hasan Hapid; Wahyu Hidayat

doi:10.24198/jkg.v36i3.49634

Ageusia sebagai kondisi pasca Long COVID-19; bagaimana manajemennya?: laporan kasus

Muhamad Hasan Hapid, Wahyu Hidayat

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Kondisi Long Covid merupakan gejala jangka panjang yang dialami beberapa orang setelah mereka mengalami infeksi COVID-19. Kondisi ini dapat memengaruhi kemampuan seseorang untuk melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari. Keadaan paling umum dari kondisi ini salah satunya adalah ageusia. Artikel ini akan menjelaskan mengenai tatalaksana ageusia yang berkepanjangan sebagai salah satu kondisi setelah mengalami infeksi COVID-19. Laporan Kasus: Seorang perempuan berusia 28 tahun mengeluhkan hilang rasa pengecapan pada lidahnya sejak 8 bulan yang lalu ketika didiagnosis mengalami infeksi COVID-19. Pemeriksaan klinis intra oral pada lidah tidak ditemukan adanya depapilasi dan tidak terdapat kelainan pada mukosa rongga mulut lainnya. Pemeriksaan fungsi pengecapan dilakukan, dengan hasil menunjukkan bahwa pasien tidak dapat merasakan rasa manis, asin, asam, pahit, tetapi masih dapat merasakan sensasi panas dan dingin. Penatalaksanaan pada kasus ini berupa edukasi oral hygiene; antara lain menghindari makan makanan yang pedas dan panas, berlatih untuk merangsang rasa pada lidah dengan mengonsumsi racikan rempah-rempah hangat (seperti campuran jahe, kayu manis, cengkeh, serai) dan kafein; diberikan pula multivitamin, zink, prednisone dan berkumur menggunakan larutan chlorine zink-dioxide. Evaluasi dilakukan setiap 1 bulan sekali, dan menunjukan adanya perubahan positif pada beberapa keluhan di setiap kunjungan. Pasien mulai dapat merasakan kembali indra pengecapannya setelah 3 bulan pengobatan terkontrol. Simpulan: Penatalaksanaan ageusia sebagai kondisi pasca long Covid-19, memerlukan penanganan yang menyeluruh meliputi pemberian multivitamin, mineral, kortikosteroid, mouthwash, dan latihan untuk dapat merangsang rasa.

Ageusia as a Long Covid-19 condition; how is the management?: a case report

Introduction: Long Covid is a long-term symptom that can be experienced after a COVID-19 infection. This condition can affect a person's ability to perform daily activities. One of the most common symptoms of this condition is ageusia. This article explains the management of prolonged ageusia as a condition after experiencing a COVID-19 infection. Case report: A 28-year-old woman complained of loss of taste on her tongue 8 months ago when she was diagnosed with COVID-19. Clinical examination did not find intraoral abnormalities, but depapillation of the tongue was observed. A taste function examination was conducted, the results showed that the patient could not taste sweet, salty, sour, or bitter flavors, but could still perceive the sensations of heat and cold. Management in this case involved oral hygiene education, including instructions to avoid spicy and hot foods; stimulation of the taste buds through consumption of warm spice mixtures (such as ginger, cinnamon, cloves, lemon grass) and caffeine; administration of multivitamins, zinc, prednisone; and rinsing with chlorine dioxide-zinc mouthwash. Evaluation was conducted monthly, the patient showed positive changes at each visit. The sense of taste gradually returned. Conclusion: Management of ageusia as a Long Covid-19 condition requires comprehensive treatment, including various multivitamins, minerals, corticosteroids, mouthwash, and taste-stimulating exercises.

Keywords

ageusia, long covid-19, multivitamin, latihan merangsang rasa

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References

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jkg.v36i3.49634