Hubungan laju alir saliva dengan performa mastikasi pada wanita pra lansia dan lansia pemakai gigi tiruan lengkap: studi cross sectional

Nada Thahirah; Ismet Danial Nasution

doi:10.24198/jkg.v35i3.50347

Hubungan laju alir saliva dengan performa mastikasi pada wanita pra lansia dan lansia pemakai gigi tiruan lengkap: studi cross sectional

Nada Thahirah, Ismet Danial Nasution

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Kehilangan seluruh gigi atau edentulous berdampak terhadap mastikasi. Secara objektif, fungsi mastikasi dapat dinilai melalui performa mastikasi yang dapat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi laju alir saliva. Penuaan mengakibatkan perubahan pada fisiologis, seperti penurunan laju alir saliva dan kadar hormon estrogen pada wanita. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui nilai rerata laju alir saliva dan performa mastikasi serta hubungan laju alir saliva dengan performa mastikasi pada wanita pra lansia dan lansia pemakai gigi tiruan lengkap. Metode: Jenis penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah non-probability sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data laju alir saliva didapatkan menggunakan permen karet bebas gula dan performa mastikasi menggunakan metode pencampuran warna kemudian dianalisis menggunakan software View Gum. Total sampel wanita pra lansia dan lansia berjumlah 20 sampel, masing-masing terdiri dari 10 sampel dan data dianalisis dengan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil: Nilai rerata laju alir saliva wanita pra lansia pemakai gigi tiruan lengkap lebih tinggi yaitu 1,88 ml/menit daripada lansia dengan nilai 1,54 ml/menit, nilai rerata performa mastikasi wanita pra lansia pemakai gigi tiruan lengkap lebih baik yaitu 57,30% daripada lansia dengan nilai 58,10%. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara laju alir saliva dengan performa mastikasi wanita pra lansia dan lansia pemakai gigi tiruan lengkap. Keluhan ketidaknyamanan pada lansia saat memakai gigi tiruan lengkap dapat diberikan edukasi oleh dokter gigi untuk menjaga kondisi laju alir saliva pada lansia dan memperbaiki masalah retensi pada gigi tiruan lengkap.

Kata kunci: Laju alir saliva, performa mastikasi, usia, gigi tiruan lengkap

Correlation between saliva flow rate and mastication performance in pre-elderly and elderly women wearing complete dentures: cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Loss of all teeth or edentulousness has an impact on mastication. Objectively, masticatory function can be assessed through masticatory performance which can be influenced by saliva flow rate conditions. Aging causes physiological changes, such as a decrease in saliva flow rate and estrogen hormone levels in women. The aim of the research was to determine the mean value of saliva flow rate and masticatory performance as well as the relationship between salivary flow rate and masticatory performance in pre-elderly and elderly women who wear complete dentures at RSGM USU. Method: Type of research is a descriptive analytical type with a cross sectional research design. The sampling technique is non-probability sampling with purposive sampling technique. Saliva flow rate data was obtained using sugar-free chewing gum and mastication performance using the color mixing method was then analyzed using View Gum software. The total sample of pre-elderly and elderly women was 20 samples, each consisting of 10 samples and the data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. Results: The average value of saliva flow rate of pre-elderly women who wear complete dentures is higher, namely 1.88 ml/minute, than the elderly with a value of 1.54 ml/minute, the average value of mastication performance of pre-elderly women who wear complete dentures is better, namely 57. 30% more than the elderly with a value of 58.10%. Conclusion: There is a relationship between salivary flow rate and the masticatory performance of pre-elderly women and elderly women who wear complete dentures. Complaints of discomfort in the elderly when wearing complete dentures can be given education by dentists to maintain the saliva flow rate in the elderly and improve retention problems in complete dentures.

Keywords: salivary flow rate, masticatory performance, age, complete denture

Keywords

Laju alir saliva, performa mastikasi, usia, gigi tiruan lengkap

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jkg.v35i3.50347