Uji aktivitas antibakteri dan cemaran mikroba daun biduri (Calotropis gigantea l.) sesuai standar mutu bahan baku obat herbal: studi eksperimental laboratoris
Abstract
Antibacterial Activity Test and Microbial Contamination of Biduri Leaves (Calotropis gigantea L.) according to Quality Standards for Herbal Medicine: Experimental Laboratory Studi
Introduction. Biduri leaves (Calotropis gigantea) are used by the community as traditional medicine, especially to treat toothache. Biduri leaf extract is known to contain flavonoid, triterpene glycosides, abrin, and alkaloids. One of the requirements for making medicinal plants as pharmaceutical preparations requires standardization of microbial contamination and antibacterial test. Objective: to analyze the antibacterial activity and microbial contamination of biduri leaves. Method: The microbial contamination test uses the total bacterial and fungal plate count method. While the antibacterial activity test uses the disc diffusion method on 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% biduri leaf extract against Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Data for antibacterial activity test were analyzed using Anova One Way while for microbial contamination test using quantitative descriptive method and compared with microbial contamination in accordance with Regulation of Head of Drug and Food Supervisory Division (BPOM). Results: Antibacterial test against S. mutans showed moderate inhibition zone result, with average diameter of inhibition zone from negative control (0 mm), concentration 15% (8,94 mm), 20% (9,05 mm), 25% (9,65 mm), 30% (9,79 mm), and positive control (22,43 mm). Meanwhile, in P. gingivalis there is no inhibition zone. Statistical test result obtained significance value p=0.00 (p<0.05). Microbial contamination test result showed bacterial count result 13,300 cfu/gram and no mold growth was found. Conclusion: Biduri leaf extract has inhibition against S. mutans, but has no inhibition against P. gingivalis. The contamination of Biduri leaf extract still meets the contamination limit according to the standard of herbal medicinal raw materials.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jkg.v36i3.58528
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