Kondisi Dasar Terumbu Karang sebagai Informasi Awal Pengelolaan Pesisir di Kabupaten Pangandaran

Pringgo Kusuma Dwi Noor Yadi Putra, Lady Ayu Sri Wijayanti

Abstract


Ketersediaan data ekologi dasar merupakan prasyarat penting dalam mendukung pengelolaan pesisir yang berkelanjutan, khususnya pada wilayah dengan tekanan aktivitas manusia yang meningkat. Kabupaten Pangandaran merupakan kawasan pesisir dengan intensitas perikanan dan pariwisata bahari yang tinggi, namun informasi ilmiah mengenai kondisi terumbu karang masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai kondisi dasar terumbu karang di perairan Desa Batukaras sebagai informasi awal bagi pengembangan kegiatan monitoring dan pengelolaan pesisir. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada November 2025 menggunakan metode Underwater Photo Transect pada dua transek sepanjang 50 m di kedalaman 8–10 m. Komposisi bentik dianalisis hingga tingkat lifeform menggunakan perangkat lunak CPCe, serta dihitung Indeks Keanekaragaman Shannon–Weaver (H’) dan Indeks Simpson (1–D). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tutupan karang hidup sebesar 55,18% yang tergolong dalam kategori baik. Karang keras mendominasi komunitas bentik (50,16%) dengan Coral Foliose sebagai lifeform utama (77,18%), sementara kategori karang mati terbaru tidak ditemukan. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman relatif rendah hingga sedang (H’ = 0,94; 1–D = 0,55), mencerminkan dominasi bentuk pertumbuhan tertentu dan kompleksitas struktur yang terbatas. Meskipun kondisi tutupan karang cukup baik, proporsi rubble yang cukup tinggi (22,28%) menunjukkan perlunya pemantauan berkelanjutan. Temuan ini menyediakan data dasar yang penting untuk mendukung pengelolaan adaptif dan perencanaan monitoring jangka panjang di wilayah penelitian.


Keywords


Struktur Komunitas; Tutupan Bentik; Keanekaragaman Hayati; Survei Bawah Air; Monitoring Jangka Panjang.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jsdh.v7i1.69815

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