Pengaruh level tapioka dan lama fermentasi terhadap kadar tanin dan mineral pada silase kulit pisang kepok

Theresia Nur Indah Koni, Tri Anggarini Yuniwaty Foenay

Abstract


The aim of this research was to determine the effect of tapioca level and fermentation length on the content of calcium, phosphor, and tannin in silage from kepok banana peels. This research used ses factorial completely randomized design (4x3) consist of two factors, namely level of tapioca starch (5, 10, 15%) and fermentation length (7,14, 21 and 28 days) with three replication for each factors. The results of the research showed that tapioca level had significant effect (P<0,05) on the content of moisture, calcium, phosphor and tannin. Fermentation length had significant effect (P<0,05) on moisture and tannin  content, but had no effect on calcium and phosphor content. Interaction between treatments had significant effect (P<0,05) on moisture and tannin content. The best treatment combination in reducing tannin content was 10% tapioca inclusion and 21 days of fermentation length


Keywords


tapioca level; calcium; phosphor; tannin; silage; kepok banana peels

References


Adegbehingbe, K. T., Adetuyi, F. C., & Akinyosoye, F. . A. (2014). Effect of fermentation on nutrient and anti- nutrient contents of ground-cooked lima bean ( Phaseolus lunatus ) seeds using Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus. British Microbiology Research Journal, 4(11), 1285–1298.

Akhiriani, S., & Nurhayati. (2018). Analisis ekonomi pakan ternak terfermentasi berbasis limbah agroindustri pisang di Kabupaten Lemajang. Agritop Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian, 1(1), 215–221.

Al-sahlany, S. T. G., & Al-musafer, A. M. S. (2018). Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences Effect of substitution percentage of banana peels flour in chemical composition , rheological characteristics of wheat flour and the viability of yeast during dough time. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 1(1), 4–8.

Bachruddin, 2. (2014). Teknologi Fermentasi pada Industri Peternakan. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.

Bhat, T. K., Singh, B., & Sharma, O. P. (1998). Microbial degradation of tannins – A current perspective, Biodegrada(9), 343–357.

Burns, R. E. (1971). Method for estimation of tannin tin grain sorghum. Agronomy Journal, 63, 511–512.

Chrysostomus, H. Y., Foenay, T., & Koni, T. N. I. (2020). Pengaruh Berbagai Aditif terhadap Kandungan Serat Kasar dan Mineral Silase Kulit Pisang Kepok The effect of various additives on crude fiber and mineral content of kepok banana peels silage Kulit pisang merupakan salah satu limbah pertanian yang dapat dim. Jurnal Ilmu Hewan Tropis, 10(2), 91–97.

Dorisandi, M., Saputro, L., Jatmiko, S. H., & Fenita, Y. (2017). Pengaruh pemberian fermentasi tepung kulit pisang jantan dengan menggunakan neurospora crassa terhadap deposisi lemak ayam broiler. Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia, 12(3), 325–334.

Duwa, H., Saleh, B., Lamido, M., & Saidu, A. (2014). Growth , haematological and serum biochemical indices of broiler chickens fed banana peel meal as replacement for maize in the semi-arid zone of Nigeria. Online Journal of Animal and Feed Research, 4(5), 121–126.

Fitroh, B. A., Wihandoyo, W., & Supadmo, S. (2018). The use 3 of banana peel meal (Musa paradisiaca) as substitution of corn in the diets on performance and carcass production of hybrid ducks. Buletin Peternakan, 42(3), 222–231.

Gasperz, V. (2006). Teknik analisa dalam penelitian percobaan (Edisi III). Bandung: Tarsito.

Hudiansyah, P., Sunarti, D., & Sukamto, B. (2015). Pengaruh penggunaan kulit pisang terfermentasi dalam ransum terhadap ketersediaan energi ayam broiler. Agromedia, 33(2), 1–9.

Koni, T. N. I. (2013). Pengaruh pemanfaatan kulit pisang yang difermentasi terhadap karkas broiler. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Dan Veteriner, 18(2), 153–157.

Koni, T. N. I., Bale-Therik, J., & Kale, P. R. (2013). Utilizing of fermented banana peels by rhyzopus oligosporus in ration on growth of broiler. Jurnal Veteriner, 14(3), 365–370.

Koni, T. N. I., & Foenay, T. A. Y. (2019). Nilai Nutrien Dan Anti Nutrien Silase Kulit Pisang. Kupang NTT: Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Kupang.

Koni, T. N. I., & Foenay, T. A. Y. (2020). Penurunan Kadar Tanin Silase Kulit Pisang dengan Menggunakan Berbagai Aditif Decreasing of Tannins from Banana Peel Silage with Different Additives. Jurnal Sains Peternakan Indonesia, 15(3), 333–338.

Koni, T. N. I., Foenay, T. A. Y., & Asrul. (2019). The nutrient value of banana peel fermented by tape yeast as poultry feedstuff. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan, 29(3), 211–217.

Mullik, Y. M., Ridla, M., Prihantoro, I., & Ml, M. (2016). Anaerobic fermentation effectively reduces concentration of total tannins in Chromolaena odorata. JITV, 21(1), 19–25.

Murwan, K. S. E., & Ali, A. A. (2011). Effect of fermentation period on the chemical composition , in-vitro protein digestibility and tannin content in two sorghum cultivars ( Dabar and Tabat) in Sudan. Journal of Applied Biosciences, 39, 2602–2606.

Oboh, G., & Elusiyan, C. A. (2007). Changes in the nutrient and anti-nutrient content of micro-fungi fermented cassava flour produced from low- and medium-cyanide variety of cassava tubers. African Journal of Biotechnology, 6(18), 2150–2157.

Olagunju, A. I., & Ifesan, B. O. T. (2013). Changes in nutrient and antinutritional contents of sesame seeds during fermentation. Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences, 2(6), 2407–2410.

Oluwamiyi, O., & Bazambo, I. (2016). Nutritional and amino acid analysis of raw, partially fermented and completely fermented locust bean (Parkia biglobosa) seeds. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, 16(2), 10866–10883. https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.74.15025

Proszkowiec-weglarz, M., & Angel, R. (2013). Calcium and phosphorus metabolism in broilers : Effect of homeostatic mechanism on calcium and phosphorus digestibility. J. Appl. Poult. Res, 22, 609–627.

Rahayu, S., Jamarun, N., Zain, M., & Febrina, D. (2015). Pengaruh Pemberian Dosis Mineral Ca dan Lama Fermentasi Pelepah Sawit terhadap Kandungan Lignin, Kecernaan BK, BO, PK dan Fraksi Serat (NDF, ADF, Hemiselulosa dan Selulosa) menggunakan Kapang Phanerochaete chrysosporium In-vitro. Jurnal Peternakan, 17(2), 151–162.

Ridla, M., Mullik, Y. M., Prihantoro, I., & Mulik, M. . (2016). Penurunan Total Tanin Silase Semak Bunga Putih (Chromolaena Odorata) Dengan Aditif Tepung Putak (Coryphaelata Robx) Dan Isi Rumen Sapi Decreasing. Buletin Peternakan, 40(3), 165–169.

Siahaan, N. ., Sunarti, D., & Yunianto, V. . (2015). Pengaruh penggunaan kulit pisang biokonversi dalam ransum terhadap penyerapan kalsium serta pertumbuhan tulang ayam broiler. Buletin Nutrisi Dan Makanan Ternak, 13(1), 14–18.

Stanbury, P. F., Whitaker, A., & Hall, S. j. (2003). Principles of Fermentaton Technology. Butterworth Heinemann. Burlington: Butterworth Heinemann.

Tandi, E. J. (2013). Pengaruh perlakuan urea terhadap kadar tanin biji Makadamia (Macadamia hildebrandii). Buletin Nurtisi Dan Makanan Ternak, 9(1), 41–46.

Tartrakoon, T., Chalearmsan, N., Vearasilp, T., & Meulen, U. T. (1999). The Nutritive Value of Banana Peel (Musa sapieutum L.) in Growing Pigs Tinnagon. In Sustainable Technology Development in Animal Agriculture (pp. 1–4). Deutscher Tropentag 1999 in Berlin.

Utomo, R., Budhi, S. P. S., & Astuti, I. F. (2013). Pengaruh level onggok sebagai aditif terhadap kualitas silase isi rumen sapi. Buletin Peternakan, 37(3), 173–180.

Widjastuti, T., & Hernawan, E. (2012). Utilizing of banana peel (Musa sapientum) in the ration and its influence on final body weight, percentage of carcass and abdominal fat on broiler. Lucrări Ştiinţifice - Seria Zootehnie, 57, 104–109.

Adegbehingbe, K. T., Adetuyi, F. C., & Akinyosoye, F. . A. (2014). Effect of fermentation on nutrient and anti- nutrient contents of ground-cooked lima bean ( Phaseolus lunatus ) seeds using Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus. British Microbiology Research Journal, 4(11), 1285–1298.

Akhiriani, S., & Nurhayati. (2018). Analisis ekonomi pakan ternak terfermentasi berbasis limbah agroindustri pisang di Kabupaten Lemajang. Agritop Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian, 1(1), 215–221.

Al-sahlany, S. T. G., & Al-musafer, A. M. S. (2018). Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences Effect of substitution percentage of banana peels flour in chemical composition , rheological characteristics of wheat flour and the viability of yeast during dough time. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 1(1), 4–8.

Bachruddin, 2. (2014). Teknologi Fermentasi pada Industri Peternakan. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.

Bhat, T. K., Singh, B., & Sharma, O. P. (1998). Microbial degradation of tannins – A current perspective, Biodegrada(9), 343–357.

Burns, R. E. (1971). Method for estimation of tannin tin grain sorghum. Agronomy Journal, 63, 511–512.

Chrysostomus, H. Y., Foenay, T., & Koni, T. N. I. (2020). Pengaruh Berbagai Aditif terhadap Kandungan Serat Kasar dan Mineral Silase Kulit Pisang Kepok The effect of various additives on crude fiber and mineral content of kepok banana peels silage Kulit pisang merupakan salah satu limbah pertanian yang dapat dim. Jurnal Ilmu Hewan Tropis, 10(2), 91–97.

Dorisandi, M., Saputro, L., Jatmiko, S. H., & Fenita, Y. (2017). Pengaruh pemberian fermentasi tepung kulit pisang jantan dengan menggunakan neurospora crassa terhadap deposisi lemak ayam broiler. Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia, 12(3), 325–334.

Duwa, H., Saleh, B., Lamido, M., & Saidu, A. (2014). Growth , haematological and serum biochemical indices of broiler chickens fed banana peel meal as replacement for maize in the semi-arid zone of Nigeria. Online Journal of Animal and Feed Research, 4(5), 121–126.

Fitroh, B. A., Wihandoyo, W., & Supadmo, S. (2018). The use 3 of banana peel meal (Musa paradisiaca) as substitution of corn in the diets on performance and carcass production of hybrid ducks. Buletin Peternakan, 42(3), 222–231.

Gasperz, V. (2006). Teknik analisa dalam penelitian percobaan (Edisi III). Bandung: Tarsito.

Hudiansyah, P., Sunarti, D., & Sukamto, B. (2015). Pengaruh penggunaan kulit pisang terfermentasi dalam ransum terhadap ketersediaan energi ayam broiler. Agromedia, 33(2), 1–9.

Koni, T. N. I. (2013). Pengaruh pemanfaatan kulit pisang yang difermentasi terhadap karkas broiler. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Dan Veteriner, 18(2), 153–157.

Koni, T. N. I., Bale-Therik, J., & Kale, P. R. (2013). Utilizing of fermented banana peels by rhyzopus oligosporus in ration on growth of broiler. Jurnal Veteriner, 14(3), 365–370.

Koni, T. N. I., & Foenay, T. A. Y. (2019). Nilai Nutrien Dan Anti Nutrien Silase Kulit Pisang. Kupang NTT: Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Kupang.

Koni, T. N. I., & Foenay, T. A. Y. (2020). Penurunan Kadar Tanin Silase Kulit Pisang dengan Menggunakan Berbagai Aditif Decreasing of Tannins from Banana Peel Silage with Different Additives. Jurnal Sains Peternakan Indonesia, 15(3), 333–338.

Koni, T. N. I., Foenay, T. A. Y., & Asrul. (2019). The nutrient value of banana peel fermented by tape yeast as poultry feedstuff. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan, 29(3), 211–217.

Mullik, Y. M., Ridla, M., Prihantoro, I., & Ml, M. (2016). Anaerobic fermentation effectively reduces concentration of total tannins in Chromolaena odorata. JITV, 21(1), 19–25.

Murwan, K. S. E., & Ali, A. A. (2011). Effect of fermentation period on the chemical composition , in-vitro protein digestibility and tannin content in two sorghum cultivars ( Dabar and Tabat) in Sudan. Journal of Applied Biosciences, 39, 2602–2606.

Oboh, G., & Elusiyan, C. A. (2007). Changes in the nutrient and anti-nutrient content of micro-fungi fermented cassava flour produced from low- and medium-cyanide variety of cassava tubers. African Journal of Biotechnology, 6(18), 2150–2157.

Olagunju, A. I., & Ifesan, B. O. T. (2013). Changes in nutrient and antinutritional contents of sesame seeds during fermentation. Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences, 2(6), 2407–2410.

Oluwamiyi, O., & Bazambo, I. (2016). Nutritional and amino acid analysis of raw, partially fermented and completely fermented locust bean (Parkia biglobosa) seeds. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, 16(2), 10866–10883. https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.74.15025

Proszkowiec-weglarz, M., & Angel, R. (2013). Calcium and phosphorus metabolism in broilers : Effect of homeostatic mechanism on calcium and phosphorus digestibility. J. Appl. Poult. Res, 22, 609–627.

Rahayu, S., Jamarun, N., Zain, M., & Febrina, D. (2015). Pengaruh Pemberian Dosis Mineral Ca dan Lama Fermentasi Pelepah Sawit terhadap Kandungan Lignin, Kecernaan BK, BO, PK dan Fraksi Serat (NDF, ADF, Hemiselulosa dan Selulosa) menggunakan Kapang Phanerochaete chrysosporium In-vitro. Jurnal Peternakan, 17(2), 151–162.

Ridla, M., Mullik, Y. M., Prihantoro, I., & Mulik, M. . (2016). Penurunan Total Tanin Silase Semak Bunga Putih (Chromolaena Odorata) Dengan Aditif Tepung Putak (Coryphaelata Robx) Dan Isi Rumen Sapi Decreasing. Buletin Peternakan, 40(3), 165–169.

Siahaan, N. ., Sunarti, D., & Yunianto, V. . (2015). Pengaruh penggunaan kulit pisang biokonversi dalam ransum terhadap penyerapan kalsium serta pertumbuhan tulang ayam broiler. Buletin Nutrisi Dan Makanan Ternak, 13(1), 14–18.

Stanbury, P. F., Whitaker, A., & Hall, S. j. (2003). Principles of Fermentaton Technology. Butterworth Heinemann. Burlington: Butterworth Heinemann.

Tandi, E. J. (2013). Pengaruh perlakuan urea terhadap kadar tanin biji Makadamia (Macadamia hildebrandii). Buletin Nurtisi Dan Makanan Ternak, 9(1), 41–46.

Tartrakoon, T., Chalearmsan, N., Vearasilp, T., & Meulen, U. T. (1999). The Nutritive Value of Banana Peel (Musa sapieutum L.) in Growing Pigs Tinnagon. In Sustainable Technology Development in Animal Agriculture (pp. 1–4). Deutscher Tropentag 1999 in Berlin.

Utomo, R., Budhi, S. P. S., & Astuti, I. F. (2013). Pengaruh level onggok sebagai aditif terhadap kualitas silase isi rumen sapi. Buletin Peternakan, 37(3), 173–180.

Widjastuti, T., & Hernawan, E. (2012). Utilizing of banana peel (Musa sapientum) in the ration and its influence on final body weight, percentage of carcass and abdominal fat on broiler. Lucrări Ştiinţifice - Seria Zootehnie, 57, 104–109.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jit.v20i2.29894

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