Status kesehatan gigi dan tindakan menyikat gigi pada murid taman kanak-kanakOral health status and brushing teeth practices of kindergarten students

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Status kesehatan gigi ditentukan oleh adanya gigi karies, gigi yang hilang dan ditumpat. Kesehatan gigi dan mulut masih menjadi masalah di dunia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi status kesehatan gigi anak taman kanak-kanak dan tindakan menyikat gigi anak taman kanak kanak. Metode: Jenis penelitian cross-sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di 24 taman kanak-kanak (TK) di Provinsi Banten dan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Status kesehatan gigi diperoleh dari 564 anak berusia 3-6 tahun. Pemeriksaan kesehatan gigi menggunakan alat diagnostik steril yang dilakukan oleh dokter gigi. Data karakteristik dan perilaku menyikat gigi ditanyakan kepada orang tua dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang sudah diujicobakan. Analisis data menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS. Hasil analisa disajikan dalam bentuk persentase. Hasil: Indeks def-t tertinggi di Kabupaten Serang (8,83), dan terendah adalah 4,97 di Kota Yogyakarta Sebagian besar anak mengalami karies gigi yaitu sebanyak 88,1%. Jumlah rata-rata karies gigi lebih banyak daripada gigi yang dicabut dan ditumpat. Kebiasaan menyikat gigi yang benar masih sangat rendah 2,8%. Simpulan: Status kesehatan gigi anak taman kanak-kanak sebagian besar dalam kategori buruk dan tindakan menyikat gigi yang benar masih sangat rendah.

Kata kunci: Karies, menyikat gigi, anak, def-t.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Oral health status is determined by the presence of dental caries, missing and filled teeth. Oral health is still a problem in the world. The purpose of this study was to identify the oral health status of a kindergarten child and the toothbrushing practice in kindergarten students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 24 kindergartens in Banten and Special Region of Yogyakarta provinces. The oral health status was obtained from 564 children aged 3-6 years old—oral health examination using a sterile diagnostic tool conducted by a dentist. Data on the characteristics and behaviour of toothbrushing practices were asked to the parents using a priorly tested questionnaire—data analysis was performed using SPSS software. The analysis results were presented in percentage. Results: The highest def-t index was found in Serang Regency (8.83), and the lowest (4.97) was found in Yogyakarta City. Majority of the children experienced dental caries, which was found in 88.1% of all respondents. The average number of dental caries was higher than the extracted and filled teeth. Proper toothbrushing habits were still very low, at 2.8%. Conclusion: The oral health status of kindergarten students are mostly found in the bad category, and correct toothbrushing practice is still very low.

Keywords: Caries, brushing teeth, children, def-t.