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Perbandingan kebutuhan perawatan ortodonti pada remaja perkotaan dan remaja pinggir kota
Comparison of orthodontic treatment needs in urban and suburban adolescentsAbstract
ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan: Kebutuhan perawatan ortodonti seseorang dapat disebabkan oleh hubungan gigi geligi yang tidak sesuai, fungsi oral dan masalah psikososial. Sebelum melakukan perawatan ortodonti, operator perlu mengetahui keinginan pasien. Kebutuhan perawatan ortodonti cukup tinggi pada usia remaja. Kemungkinan terdapat perbedaan psikososial antara remaja perkotaan dan remaja pinggiran kota yang dapat mempengaruhi pengetahuan terhadap masalah kesehatan gigi, khususnya tentang ortodonti. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis perbandingan kebutuhan perawatan ortodonti remaja perkotaan dan remaja pinggiran kota. Metode: Jenis penelitian analitik komparatif dengan desain potong lintang pada siswa-siswi SMPN 11 Jakarta dan SMPN 2 Tangerang Selatan yang berusia 12-15 tahun. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan multi-stage random cluster sampling sehingga didapatkan lokasi pengambilan sampel dan subjek penelitian. Kuesioner penelitian menggunakan Indikator Kebutuhan Perawatan Ortodonti (IKPO). Analisis data menggunakan SPSS versi 24,0. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu uji validitas kuesioner dengan pearson korelasi, uji reliabilitas kuesioner dengan Alpha-cronbach, uji reliabilitas inter-observer dan intra-observer dengan Cohen Kappa Examiner, dan analisis bivariat dengan Mann Whiteney. Subjek penelitian di SMPN 11 Jakarta sebanyak 110 orang, yang terdiri dari perempuan 74 orang dan subjek laki-laki 36 orang. Subjek penelitian di SMPN 2 Tangerang sebanyak 147, yang terdiri dari perempuan 88 orang dan subjek laki-laki 59 orang. Hasil: Hasil Uji Mann Whitney nilai p>0,05 yang berarti tidak ada perbedaan bermakna secara statistik kebutuhan perawatan ortodonti antara remaja perkotaan dan remaja pinggir kota. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan kebutuhan perawatan ortodonti antara remaja perkotaan dan remaja pinggir kota.
Kata kunci: indikator kebutuhan perawatan ortodonti; remaja; perkotaan; pinggir kota
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Individual orthodontic treatment needs can be caused by malocclusion, oral function disorder, and psychosocial problems. Before performing an orthodontic treatment, the operator needs to know the patient’s expectations. The need for orthodontic treatment is relatively high in adolescence. In addition, there may be psychosocial differences between urban adolescents and suburban adolescents that can affect knowledge of oral health problems, especially regarding orthodontics. This study aimed to analyse the comparison of orthodontic treatment needs in urban and suburban adolescents. Methods: This research was comparative analytics with a cross-sectional design, conducted on students of State Junior High School 11 Jakarta and State Junior High School 2 South Tangerang aged 12-15 years. The sampling technique used was multi-stage random cluster sampling to obtain the sampling locations and research subjects. The research questionnaire used was the Orthodontic Treatment Needs Indicator (IKPO). Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 24.0. The data analysis was conducted sequentially: questionnaire validity test with Pearson correlation; questionnaire reliability test with Cronbach alpha; inter-observer and intra-observer reliability tests with Cohen Kappa Examiner; and bivariate analysis with Mann Whitney. Respondents at State Junior High School 11 Jakarta were 110 students, consisting of 74 female and 36 male; while at State Junior High School 2 South Tangerang, there were 147 students, consisting of 88 female and 59 male. Results: Mann Whitney test results p>0.05, which means there was no statistically significant difference in the need for orthodontic treatment between urban and suburban adolescents. Conclusions: There is no difference in the need for orthodontic treatment between urban and suburban adolescents.
Keywords: orthodontic treatment needs indicator; adolescent; urban; suburban
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v5i2.32002
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