Dental and oral health promotion programs in prisons: A scoping review

Gita Maisyarah Zulfi, Iwany Amalliah Badruddin, Melissa Adiatman

Abstract


ABSTRACT

Introduction: The issue of oral health within the prison's environment remains a conspicuously neglected aspect of prisoner welfare. The underutilization of access to oral care constitutes a significant barrier. The necessity for effective oral health promotion programs tailored to this vulnerable population is further underscored by the high rates of oral disease and the lack of preventive measures. The objective of this study was to evaluate the extant literature on oral health programs among prisoners. Tujuan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan kajian pustaka mengenai program promosi kesehatan di lembaga pemasyarakatan. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in various databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, EbscoHost, Nature, JSTOR, and Sage Journal, to identify oral health promotion programs in correctional institutions. The data were meticulously mapped and thematically analyzed to distill the key findings by the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Results: the study is as follows: A review of the extant literature reveals that while many programs focus on improving oral health knowledge and behaviors, few report long-term outcomes or address systemic barriers such as inadequate access to dental care. Interventions that are tailored to the unique needs of correctional populations, such as culturally appropriate education and peer-led programs, have shown promising results. Nevertheless, the extant evidence regarding the effectiveness of these measures remains limited. Conclusion: The prisoner training program through peer coaching can be applied to improve prisoners' knowledge and literacy of dental and oral health. Prisoners who act as peer coaches for other prisoners facilitate the effective development of the program in accordance with the conditions of the correctional institution. It is hoped that improving inmates' oral health literacy will increase their motivation to access dental services and their commitment to maintaining oral health.

KEY WORDS: oral health promotion, prisons, correctional populations, preventive dentistry, public health.

Program promosi kesehatan gigi dan mulut di lembaga pemasyarakatan: Scoping review

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Kesehatan gigi dan mulut merupakan masalah yang terabaikan di lingkungan Lembaga Pemasyarakatan. Kurangya pemanfaatan perawatan gigi dan mulut menunjukkan program promosi kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang efektif perlu untuk disikapi lebih lanjut dengan pertimbangan tingginya tingkat penyakit gigi dan mulut dan minimnya tindakan pencegahan terhadap populasi ini. Tujuan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan kajian pustaka mengenai program promosi kesehatan di lembaga pemasyarakatan. Metode: Pencarian komprehensif dilakukan di berbagai database seperti PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, EbscoHost, Nature, JSTOR, dan Sage Journal untuk mengidentifikasi program promosi kesehatan gigi dan mulut di lembaga pemasyarakatan. Data dipetakan dan dianalisis secara tematik untuk merangkum temuan-temuan utama dengan pedoman PRISMA-ScR. Hasil: Banyak program yang berfokus pada peningkatan pengetahuan dan perilaku kesehatan gigi dan mulut, namun hanya sedikit yang melaporkan hasil jangka panjang atau mengatasi hambatan sistemik seperti akses yang tidak memadai keperawatan gigi. Intervensi disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan populasi di lembaga pemasyarakatan, seperti program pendidikan yang dipimpin oleh teman sebaya menunjukkan hasil yang menjanjikan, akan tetapi bukti tentang efektivitasnya masih terbatas. Simpulan: Kajian pustaka ini menunjukkan bahwa program promosi kesehatan gigi dan mulut di lembaga pemasyarakatan sebagian besar berfokus pada peningkatan pengetahuan dan perilaku narapidana, dengan pendekatan pendidik sebaya sebagai strategi yang paling banyak dilaporkan dan berpotensi meningkatkan partisipasi. Namun, bukti mengenai efektivitas jangka panjang serta kemampuan program dalam mengatasi hambatan sistemik, terutama keterbatasan akses layanan perawatan gigi, masih terbatas. Temuan ini menegaskan perlunya pengembangan program promosi kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang terintegrasi dengan sistem pelayanan kesehatan pemasyarakatan dan didukung oleh penelitian berbasis bukti yang lebih kuat.

KATA KUNCI: promosi kesehatan gigi dan mulut, lingkungan lembaga pemasyarakatan, populasi yang di lembaga pemasyarakatan, kedokteran gigi preventif, kesehatan masyarakat.


Keywords


Promosi kesehatan gigi dan mulut, lingkungan lembaga pemasyarakatan, populasi yang dilembaga pemasyarakatan, kedokteran gigi preventif, kesehatan masyarakat

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v9i3.64458

DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v9i3.64458.g27297

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