Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans pada permukaan resin akrilik: Studi eksperimental

Dwi Yufika Fidella, Widya Puspita Sari, Widyawati Widyawati, Firdaus Firdaus

Abstract


ABSTRAK 

Pendahuluan: Resin akrilik merupakan bahan utama basis gigi tiruan lepasan, namun sifatnya yang porus memudahkan perlekatan dan kolonisasi bakteri seperti Streptococcus mutans. Pembersih kimia seperti Sodium hypochlorite efektif sebagai antibakteri, tetapi penggunaan jangka panjang dapat merusak sifat fisik resin. Ekstrak daun stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) diketahui memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dan berpotensi sebagai alternatif alami yang lebih aman. Tujuan penelitian menganalisis aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans pada permukaan resin akrilik serta menentukan konsentrasi yang paling efektif. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental laboratorium dengan desain post-test only control group. Sampel berupa lempeng resin akrilik direndam dalam ekstrak stevia konsentrasi 70%, 80%, dan 90%, Sodium hypochlorite sebagai kontrol positif, serta Aquadest sebagai kontrol negatif. Pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans diukur menggunakan spektrofotometri berdasarkan Optical Density (OD). Analisis data menggunakan uji Shapiro-Wilk, Kruskal-Wallis, dan Mann-Whitney. Hasil: Ekstrak daun stevia menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri signifikan dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans pada permukaan resin akrilik (p<0,05). Konsentrasi 80% paling efektif dibandingkan 70% dan 90%. Simpulan: Ekstrak daun stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) terdapat aktivitas sebagai antibakteri terhadap Streptococcus mutans pada resin akrilik, dengan konsentrasi 80% optimal.

KATA KUNCI: Ekstrak daun stevia, Streptococcus mutans, resin akrilik, antibakteri

Antibacterial activity test of stevia leaf extract (Stevia rebaudiana) in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans on acrylic resin surfaces: Study experimental

ABSTRACT 

Introduction: Acrylic resin is the primary material used for removable denture bases, but its porous nature facilitates bacterial adhesion and colonization, including Streptococcus mutans. Chemical cleaners like sodium hypochlorite are effective as antibacterial agents, but long-term use can damage the physical properties of acrylic resin. Stevia leaf extract (Stevia rebaudiana) is known for its antibacterial activity and potential as a safer natural alternative. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of stevia leaf extract (Stevia rebaudiana) in inhibiting Streptococcus mutans growth on acrylic resin surfaces and identify the most effective concentration. Methods: This was an experimental laboratory study with a post-test only control group design. Samples consisted of acrylic resin plates soaked in stevia extract at concentrations of 70%, 80%, and 90%, with sodium hypochlorite as the positive control and distilled water as the negative control. Streptococcus mutans growth was measured using spectrophotometry based on optical density (OD). Data analysis involved the Shapiro-Wilk test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the Mann-Whitney test. Results: Stevia leaf extract showed significant antibacterial activity in inhibiting Streptococcus mutans growth on acrylic resin surfaces (p<0.05). The 80% concentration was the most effective compared to 70% and 90%. Conclusion: Stevia leaf extract (Stevia rebaudiana) demonstrated antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans on acrylic resin, with an optimal concentration of 80%.

KEY WORDS: Stevia leaf extract, Streptococcus mutans, acrylic resin, antibacterial activity


Keywords


Ekstrak daun stevia, Streptococcus mutans, resin akrilik, antibakteri, Stevia leaf extract, Streptococcus mutans, acrylic resin, antibacterial activity

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v10i2.69753

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