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Assessment of the taper angle in porcelain-fused-to-metal crown preparation performed by dental students: Study observational
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Indirect restorations, such as fixed porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) crown and bridge prostheses, require tooth preparation that follows established principles to achieve restoration success. One of the preparation principles that needs to be considered is the taper angle, resulting from the axial wall tapering. To achieve maximum retention, the recommended taper angle is 6°. In clinical practice, preparation errors are frequently found, such as over-reduction and difficulties in axial tooth reduction. Thus, clinical education is required to improve students’ competence and skills to achieve recommended and more precise preparation results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the taper angle of porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) crown preparations performed by dental students. Methods: The study was conducted using a descriptive observational design with a total sample of 30 patients at the Prosthodontics Department at RSGM Unpad treated by clinical students of FKG Unpad. The patients’ jaws were scanned using a digital intraoral scanner, then the size of the taper angles were measured using CorelDRAW, with the ideal taper angle of 6-10°. The collected data were analyzed statistically using the chi-square test. Results: The average taper angle formed mesiodistally and buccolingually was 25,0° ± 14,5° and 14,9° ± 12,7° respectively, both of which were greater than the recommended taper angle. Conclusion: The preparation of porcelain-fused-to-metal performed by FKG Unpad clinical students did not reach the ideal taper angle. Dental students should receive hands-on clinical training to evaluate their tooth preparation performance and outcomes, in order to achieve high quality dental care for patients, using either conventional methods (extracted teeth) or digital methods (dental simulators, augmented reality).
KEYWORDS: porcelain-fused-to-metal crown restoration, taper angle, tooth preparation
Penilaian sudut taper pada preparasi mahkota porcelain-fused-to-metal yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa kedokteran gigi: Studi observasional
ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan: Restorasi tidak langsung, seperti mahkota dan jembatan tetap porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM), memerlukan preparasi yang harus mengikuti prinsip preparasi gigi yang telah ditetapkan untuk mencapai keberhasilan restorasi. Salah satu prinsip preparasi yang perlu diperhatikan adalah sudut taper yang dihasilkan dari kemiringan dinding aksial. Untuk mencapai retensi maksimal, sudut taper yang direkomendasikan adalah 6°. Dalam praktik klinis, kesalahan preparasi masih sering ditemukan, misalnya reduksi berlebih (over-reduction) dan kesulitan dalam melakukan reduksi aksial gigi. Oleh karena itu, pendidikan pada tingkat klinis diperlukan untuk melatih kompetensi mahasiswa serta meningkatkan keterampilan mereka agar dapat mencapai hasil preparasi yang sesuai rekomendasi dan lebih presisi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menilai sudut taper pada preparasi mahkota porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) oleh mahasiswa kedokteran gigi. Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan studi observasional deskriptif dengan jumlah sampel 30 pasien di Departemen Prostodonsia Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Universitas Padjadjaran yang dirawat oleh mahasiswa klinik Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran. Rahang pasien dipindai menggunakan pemindai intraoral digital, kemudian besar sudut taper diukur menggunakan CorelDRAW, dengan sudut taper ideal 6–10°. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil: Rerata sudut taper yang terbentuk secara mesiodistal dan bukolingual berturut-turut adalah 25,0° ± 14,5° dan 14,9° ± 12,7°, yang lebih besar daripada nilai sudut taper yang direkomendasikan. Simpulan: Preparasi porcelain-fused-to-metal yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa klinik tidak mencapai nilai sudut taper ideal. Mahasiswa kedokteran gigi direkomendasikan untuk dilatih melalui pengalaman klinis langsung guna mengevaluasi performa dan hasil preparasi gigi mereka, sehingga dapat mencapai kualitas perawatan gigi yang tinggi bagi pasien, baik dengan metode konvensional (gigi asli pasca-ekstraksi) maupun metode digital (simulator kedokteran gigi, augmented reality).
KATA KUNCI: restorasi mahkota porcelain-fused-to-metal, sudut taper, preparasi gigi.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v10i1.69963
DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v10i1.69963.g27437
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