Xylanase Production from Aspergillus niger via Submerged Fermentation towards Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) Valorization as Value-added Biorefinery Products

Tania Widani Imanisa, Efri Mardawati, Nanang Masruchin

Abstrak


The increasing enzyme utilization in various industrial fields cannot be fulfilled by national producers, so imports are carried out as a solution to fulfill them. Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) as lignocellulosic biomass, then categorized as xylan-containing waste in the hemicellulose structure, had the potential to be valorized. The xylan could be used to produce xylanase, which is widely used to hydrolyze xylan into xylose or xylooligosaccharides as low-calorie sugars. This study was aimed at evaluating the production of xylanase from OPEFB produced by Aspergillus niger via submerged fermentation. Fermentation was carried out for 3–9 days of incubation, with the main responses being xylanase activity and protein content in the enzyme. The results showed that the highest xylanase activity was achieved after 9 days of fermentation, at 39.96 U/mL. The highest protein content in the enzyme was achieved when the fermentation took place after 6 days of incubation, which was 0.00942 mg/mL. This is related to the dynamics of A. niger cell growth, resulting in fluctuations in protein content towards increased xylanase activity. The high enzyme activity obtained in this study can be applied to the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass such as OPEFB to obtain xylose, which is then converted to xylitol as a low-calorie, value-added biorefinery product.

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Referensi


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