Reduction of Fe Content in Patchouli Oil Using Citric Acid, EDTA, and Chitosan as Chelating Agents

Syifa Albaqiyatush Shaliha, Selly Harnesa Putri, Teguh Wijaya Hakim

Abstrak


Essential oil from patchouli plants, which contains patchouli alcohol as the main component, is often contaminated with heavy metals, such as iron (Fe), which affects the quality and color of the oil. This research aims to find the most optimal chelating agent in reducing Fe content in patchouli oil. The complexometric method, which involves the formation of a complex compound between iron and chelating agents, was conducted using three types of chelating agents: citric acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and chitosan. The study used patchouli oil samples containing an initial iron concentration of 54.826 mg/L, which falls into the high category or exceeds the maximum allowable iron content in patchouli oil. The experiment was performed by adding the chelating agents, stirring, and analyzing the iron content using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The results showed that the use of 2% chitosan directly led to the most significant reduction in iron levels, from 54.826 mg/L to 0.030 mg/L, with a reduction percentage of 99.9%. EDTA and citric acid were also effective, but with lower reduction percentages of 98.2% for EDTA and 84.6% for citric acid. Chitosan proved to be the most optimal chelating agent in reducing iron levels in patchouli oil and met the quality standards of SNI 06-2385-2006 on patchouli oil. These findings indicate the potential of chitosan as an efficient and environmentally friendly solution to address metal contamination in the essential oil industry.

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